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  <title>[lib] Extend exception propagation to cover the initialization LWG3640 · Issue #4863 · cplusplus/draft · GitHub</title>



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    <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"DiscussionForumPosting","headline":"[lib] Extend exception propagation to cover the initialization LWG3640","articleBody":"# Problem and solution\r\n\r\nThe wording for the specification of facilities that propagate exceptions inadvertently exclude some cases of thrown exceptions. The ones I've identified have the form \"any exception thrown by the {(selected) constructor,construction} of {`T`,_some object_}\". This formulation excludes exceptions thrown by the initialization of the constructor's parameters ([[expr.call] p7](https://eel.is/c++draft/expr.call#7)). These are _not_ thrown by the constructor nor during the construction of the object (after its construction has begun ([[class.cdtor] p1](https://eel.is/c++draft/class.cdtor))).\r\n\r\nImplying that the initialization of the constructor's parameter are part of the effects for which exceptions are propagated can be done with these changes:\r\n- \"Any exception thrown by \u003cins\u003ecalling\u003c/ins\u003e the (selected) constructor of `T`.\r\n- \"Any exception thrown by the ~~construction~~\u003cins\u003einitialization\u003c/ins\u003e of {`T`,_some object_}\".\r\n\r\nThe former is already present in the standard, as exemplified below. As for the latter (emphasis mine),\r\n\u003e The process of initialization described in [dcl.init] applies to all initializations regardless of syntactic context, **including the initialization of a function parameter ([expr.call])**, the initialization of a return value ([stmt.return]), or when an initializer follows a declarator.\r\n\u003e -- https://eel.is/c++draft/dcl.init p1\r\n\r\n# Examples\r\n\r\n### Example, good\r\n\r\n\u003e Constructors and member functions of pair do not throw exceptions unless one of the element-wise operations specified to be called for that operation throws an exception. -- https://eel.is/c++draft/pairs.pair#1\r\n\r\nTalking in terms of operations includes initialization.\r\n\r\n### Example, bad\r\n\r\n\u003e For each tuple constructor, an exception is thrown only if the construction of one of the types in Types throws an exception. -- https://eel.is/c++draft/tuple.cnstr#2\r\n\r\nWe can make a `tuple` constructor throw an exception other than by constructing one of the specified types: https://godbolt.org/z/enGThMq4P.\r\n```C++\r\n#include \u003ctuple\u003e\r\nstruct X { X(int) { } };\r\nstruct Y { operator int() { throw 0; } };\r\nint main() { std::tuple\u003cX\u003e(Y{}); }\r\n```\r\nAs described at the top, this throws before beginning the construction of an `X` subobject.\r\n\r\nDo note that the constructor above is described to initialize:\r\n\u003e Effects: Initializes the elements in the tuple with the corresponding value in std​::​forward\u003cUTypes\u003e(u). -- https://eel.is/c++draft/tuple.cnstr#13\r\n\r\nOne could argue that [tuple.cnstr] doesn't say \"if and only if\". That just leaves in the air what happens in this case.\r\n\r\n### Example, good\r\n\r\n\u003e Throws: Any exception thrown by the initialization of the selected alternative Tj. -- https://eel.is/c++draft/variant.ctor#18\r\n\u003e Throws: Any exception thrown by calling the selected constructor of T. -- https://eel.is/c++draft/variant.ctor#23","author":{"url":"https://github.com/JohelEGP","@type":"Person","name":"JohelEGP"},"datePublished":"2021-09-04T03:44:50.000Z","interactionStatistic":{"@type":"InteractionCounter","interactionType":"https://schema.org/CommentAction","userInteractionCount":18},"url":"https://github.com/4863/draft/issues/4863"}</script> 
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    <path d="M3.75 2h3.5a.75.75 0 0 1 0 1.5h-3.5a.25.25 0 0 0-.25.25v8.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h8.5a.25.25 0 0 0 .25-.25v-3.5a.75.75 0 0 1 1.5 0v3.5A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 12.25 14h-8.5A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 2 12.25v-8.5C2 2.784 2.784 2 3.75 2Zm6.854-1h4.146a.25.25 0 0 1 .25.25v4.146a.25.25 0 0 1-.427.177L13.03 4.03 9.28 7.78a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042l3.75-3.75-1.543-1.543A.25.25 0 0 1 10.604 1Z"></path>
</svg>
</a></li>

                  </ul>
                </div>
                <div class="border-bottom border-lg-bottom-0 pb-lg-0 pb-3">

                      <span class="d-block h4 color-fg-default my-1" id="platform-integrations-heading">Integrations</span>

                  <ul class="list-style-none f5" aria-labelledby="platform-integrations-heading">
                      <li>
  <a class="HeaderMenu-dropdown-link d-block no-underline position-relative py-2 Link--secondary" data-analytics-event="{&quot;location&quot;:&quot;navbar&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:&quot;github_marketplace&quot;,&quot;context&quot;:&quot;platform&quot;,&quot;tag&quot;:&quot;link&quot;,&quot;label&quot;:&quot;github_marketplace_link_platform_navbar&quot;}" href="https://github.com/marketplace">
      GitHub Marketplace

    
</a></li>

                      <li>
  <a class="HeaderMenu-dropdown-link d-block no-underline position-relative py-2 Link--secondary" data-analytics-event="{&quot;location&quot;:&quot;navbar&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:&quot;mcp_registry&quot;,&quot;context&quot;:&quot;platform&quot;,&quot;tag&quot;:&quot;link&quot;,&quot;label&quot;:&quot;mcp_registry_link_platform_navbar&quot;}" href="https://github.com/mcp">
      MCP Registry

    
</a></li>

                  </ul>
                </div>
            </div>
        </div>

          <div class="HeaderMenu-trailing-link rounded-bottom-2 mt-lg-4 px-lg-4 py-4 py-lg-3 f5 text-semibold">
            <a data-analytics-event="{&quot;location&quot;:&quot;navbar&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:&quot;view_all_features&quot;,&quot;context&quot;:&quot;platform&quot;,&quot;tag&quot;:&quot;link&quot;,&quot;label&quot;:&quot;view_all_features_link_platform_navbar&quot;}" href="https://github.com/features">
              View all features
              <svg aria-hidden="true" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" data-view-component="true" class="octicon octicon-chevron-right HeaderMenu-trailing-link-icon">
    <path d="M6.22 3.22a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06 0l4.25 4.25a.75.75 0 0 1 0 1.06l-4.25 4.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042L9.94 8 6.22 4.28a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.06Z"></path>
</svg>
</a>          </div>
      </div>
</li>


                <li class="HeaderMenu-item position-relative flex-wrap flex-justify-between flex-items-center d-block d-lg-flex flex-lg-nowrap flex-lg-items-center js-details-container js-header-menu-item">
      <button type="button" class="HeaderMenu-link border-0 width-full width-lg-auto px-0 px-lg-2 py-lg-2 no-wrap d-flex flex-items-center flex-justify-between js-details-target" aria-expanded="false">
        Solutions
        <svg opacity="0.5" aria-hidden="true" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" data-view-component="true" class="octicon octicon-chevron-down HeaderMenu-icon ml-1">
    <path d="M12.78 5.22a.749.749 0 0 1 0 1.06l-4.25 4.25a.749.749 0 0 1-1.06 0L3.22 6.28a.749.749 0 1 1 1.06-1.06L8 8.939l3.72-3.719a.749.749 0 0 1 1.06 0Z"></path>
</svg>
      </button>

      <div class="HeaderMenu-dropdown dropdown-menu rounded m-0 p-0 pt-2 pt-lg-4 position-relative position-lg-absolute left-0 left-lg-n3 dropdown-menu-wide">
        <div class="d-lg-flex dropdown-menu-wide">
            <div class="HeaderMenu-column px-lg-4 pb-3 pb-lg-0 border-lg-right">
                <div class="border-bottom border-lg-bottom-0 pb-lg-0 pb-3">

                      <span class="d-block h4 color-fg-default my-1" id="solutions-by-company-size-heading">By company size</span>

                  <ul class="list-style-none f5" aria-labelledby="solutions-by-company-size-heading">
                      <li>
  <a class="HeaderMenu-dropdown-link d-block no-underline position-relative py-2 Link--secondary" data-analytics-event="{&quot;location&quot;:&quot;navbar&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:&quot;enterprises&quot;,&quot;context&quot;:&quot;solutions&quot;,&quot;tag&quot;:&quot;link&quot;,&quot;label&quot;:&quot;enterprises_link_solutions_navbar&quot;}" href="https://github.com/enterprise">
      Enterprises

    
</a></li>

                      <li>
  <a class="HeaderMenu-dropdown-link d-block no-underline position-relative py-2 Link--secondary" data-analytics-event="{&quot;location&quot;:&quot;navbar&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:&quot;small_and_medium_teams&quot;,&quot;context&quot;:&quot;solutions&quot;,&quot;tag&quot;:&quot;link&quot;,&quot;label&quot;:&quot;small_and_medium_teams_link_solutions_navbar&quot;}" href="https://github.com/team">
      Small and medium teams

    
</a></li>

                      <li>
  <a class="HeaderMenu-dropdown-link d-block no-underline position-relative py-2 Link--secondary" data-analytics-event="{&quot;location&quot;:&quot;navbar&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:&quot;startups&quot;,&quot;context&quot;:&quot;solutions&quot;,&quot;tag&quot;:&quot;link&quot;,&quot;label&quot;:&quot;startups_link_solutions_navbar&quot;}" href="https://github.com/enterprise/startups">
      Startups

    
</a></li>

                      <li>
  <a class="HeaderMenu-dropdown-link d-block no-underline position-relative py-2 Link--secondary" data-analytics-event="{&quot;location&quot;:&quot;navbar&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:&quot;nonprofits&quot;,&quot;context&quot;:&quot;solutions&quot;,&quot;tag&quot;:&quot;link&quot;,&quot;label&quot;:&quot;nonprofits_link_solutions_navbar&quot;}" href="/solutions/industry/nonprofits">
      Nonprofits

    
</a></li>

                  </ul>
                </div>
            </div>
            <div class="HeaderMenu-column px-lg-4 pb-3 pb-lg-0 border-lg-right">
                <div class="border-bottom border-lg-bottom-0 pb-lg-0 pb-3">

                      <span class="d-block h4 color-fg-default my-1" id="solutions-by-use-case-heading">By use case</span>

                  <ul class="list-style-none f5" aria-labelledby="solutions-by-use-case-heading">
                      <li>
  <a class="HeaderMenu-dropdown-link d-block no-underline position-relative py-2 Link--secondary" data-analytics-event="{&quot;location&quot;:&quot;navbar&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:&quot;app_modernization&quot;,&quot;context&quot;:&quot;solutions&quot;,&quot;tag&quot;:&quot;link&quot;,&quot;label&quot;:&quot;app_modernization_link_solutions_navbar&quot;}" href="/solutions/use-case/app-modernization">
      App Modernization

    
</a></li>

                      <li>
  <a class="HeaderMenu-dropdown-link d-block no-underline position-relative py-2 Link--secondary" data-analytics-event="{&quot;location&quot;:&quot;navbar&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:&quot;devsecops&quot;,&quot;context&quot;:&quot;solutions&quot;,&quot;tag&quot;:&quot;link&quot;,&quot;label&quot;:&quot;devsecops_link_solutions_navbar&quot;}" href="/solutions/use-case/devsecops">
      DevSecOps

    
</a></li>

                      <li>
  <a class="HeaderMenu-dropdown-link d-block no-underline position-relative py-2 Link--secondary" data-analytics-event="{&quot;location&quot;:&quot;navbar&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:&quot;devops&quot;,&quot;context&quot;:&quot;solutions&quot;,&quot;tag&quot;:&quot;link&quot;,&quot;label&quot;:&quot;devops_link_solutions_navbar&quot;}" href="/solutions/use-case/devops">
      DevOps

    
</a></li>

                      <li>
  <a class="HeaderMenu-dropdown-link d-block no-underline position-relative py-2 Link--secondary" data-analytics-event="{&quot;location&quot;:&quot;navbar&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:&quot;ci_cd&quot;,&quot;context&quot;:&quot;solutions&quot;,&quot;tag&quot;:&quot;link&quot;,&quot;label&quot;:&quot;ci_cd_link_solutions_navbar&quot;}" href="/solutions/use-case/ci-cd">
      CI/CD

    
</a></li>

                      <li>
  <a class="HeaderMenu-dropdown-link d-block no-underline position-relative py-2 Link--secondary" data-analytics-event="{&quot;location&quot;:&quot;navbar&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:&quot;view_all_use_cases&quot;,&quot;context&quot;:&quot;solutions&quot;,&quot;tag&quot;:&quot;link&quot;,&quot;label&quot;:&quot;view_all_use_cases_link_solutions_navbar&quot;}" href="/solutions/use-case">
      View all use cases

    
</a></li>

                  </ul>
                </div>
            </div>
            <div class="HeaderMenu-column px-lg-4">
                <div class="border-bottom border-lg-bottom-0 pb-lg-0 pb-3">

                      <span class="d-block h4 color-fg-default my-1" id="solutions-by-industry-heading">By industry</span>

                  <ul class="list-style-none f5" aria-labelledby="solutions-by-industry-heading">
                      <li>
  <a class="HeaderMenu-dropdown-link d-block no-underline position-relative py-2 Link--secondary" data-analytics-event="{&quot;location&quot;:&quot;navbar&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:&quot;healthcare&quot;,&quot;context&quot;:&quot;solutions&quot;,&quot;tag&quot;:&quot;link&quot;,&quot;label&quot;:&quot;healthcare_link_solutions_navbar&quot;}" href="/solutions/industry/healthcare">
      Healthcare

    
</a></li>

                      <li>
  <a class="HeaderMenu-dropdown-link d-block no-underline position-relative py-2 Link--secondary" data-analytics-event="{&quot;location&quot;:&quot;navbar&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:&quot;financial_services&quot;,&quot;context&quot;:&quot;solutions&quot;,&quot;tag&quot;:&quot;link&quot;,&quot;label&quot;:&quot;financial_services_link_solutions_navbar&quot;}" href="/solutions/industry/financial-services">
      Financial services

    
</a></li>

                      <li>
  <a class="HeaderMenu-dropdown-link d-block no-underline position-relative py-2 Link--secondary" data-analytics-event="{&quot;location&quot;:&quot;navbar&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:&quot;manufacturing&quot;,&quot;context&quot;:&quot;solutions&quot;,&quot;tag&quot;:&quot;link&quot;,&quot;label&quot;:&quot;manufacturing_link_solutions_navbar&quot;}" href="/solutions/industry/manufacturing">
      Manufacturing

    
</a></li>

                      <li>
  <a class="HeaderMenu-dropdown-link d-block no-underline position-relative py-2 Link--secondary" data-analytics-event="{&quot;location&quot;:&quot;navbar&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:&quot;government&quot;,&quot;context&quot;:&quot;solutions&quot;,&quot;tag&quot;:&quot;link&quot;,&quot;label&quot;:&quot;government_link_solutions_navbar&quot;}" href="/solutions/industry/government">
      Government

    
</a></li>

                      <li>
  <a class="HeaderMenu-dropdown-link d-block no-underline position-relative py-2 Link--secondary" data-analytics-event="{&quot;location&quot;:&quot;navbar&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:&quot;view_all_industries&quot;,&quot;context&quot;:&quot;solutions&quot;,&quot;tag&quot;:&quot;link&quot;,&quot;label&quot;:&quot;view_all_industries_link_solutions_navbar&quot;}" href="/solutions/industry">
      View all industries

    
</a></li>

                  </ul>
                </div>
            </div>
        </div>

          <div class="HeaderMenu-trailing-link rounded-bottom-2 mt-lg-4 px-lg-4 py-4 py-lg-3 f5 text-semibold">
            <a data-analytics-event="{&quot;location&quot;:&quot;navbar&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:&quot;view_all_solutions&quot;,&quot;context&quot;:&quot;solutions&quot;,&quot;tag&quot;:&quot;link&quot;,&quot;label&quot;:&quot;view_all_solutions_link_solutions_navbar&quot;}" href="/solutions">
              View all solutions
              <svg aria-hidden="true" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" data-view-component="true" class="octicon octicon-chevron-right HeaderMenu-trailing-link-icon">
    <path d="M6.22 3.22a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06 0l4.25 4.25a.75.75 0 0 1 0 1.06l-4.25 4.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042L9.94 8 6.22 4.28a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.06Z"></path>
</svg>
</a>          </div>
      </div>
</li>


                <li class="HeaderMenu-item position-relative flex-wrap flex-justify-between flex-items-center d-block d-lg-flex flex-lg-nowrap flex-lg-items-center js-details-container js-header-menu-item">
      <button type="button" class="HeaderMenu-link border-0 width-full width-lg-auto px-0 px-lg-2 py-lg-2 no-wrap d-flex flex-items-center flex-justify-between js-details-target" aria-expanded="false">
        Resources
        <svg opacity="0.5" aria-hidden="true" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" data-view-component="true" class="octicon octicon-chevron-down HeaderMenu-icon ml-1">
    <path d="M12.78 5.22a.749.749 0 0 1 0 1.06l-4.25 4.25a.749.749 0 0 1-1.06 0L3.22 6.28a.749.749 0 1 1 1.06-1.06L8 8.939l3.72-3.719a.749.749 0 0 1 1.06 0Z"></path>
</svg>
      </button>

      <div class="HeaderMenu-dropdown dropdown-menu rounded m-0 p-0 pt-2 pt-lg-4 position-relative position-lg-absolute left-0 left-lg-n3 pb-2 pb-lg-4 dropdown-menu-wide">
        <div class="d-lg-flex dropdown-menu-wide">
            <div class="HeaderMenu-column px-lg-4 pb-3 pb-lg-0 border-lg-right">
                <div class="border-bottom border-lg-bottom-0 pb-lg-0 pb-3">

                      <span class="d-block h4 color-fg-default my-1" id="resources-topics-heading">Topics</span>

                  <ul class="list-style-none f5" aria-labelledby="resources-topics-heading">
                      <li>
  <a class="HeaderMenu-dropdown-link d-block no-underline position-relative py-2 Link--secondary" data-analytics-event="{&quot;location&quot;:&quot;navbar&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:&quot;ai&quot;,&quot;context&quot;:&quot;resources&quot;,&quot;tag&quot;:&quot;link&quot;,&quot;label&quot;:&quot;ai_link_resources_navbar&quot;}" href="/resources/articles/ai">
      AI

    
</a></li>

                      <li>
  <a class="HeaderMenu-dropdown-link d-block no-underline position-relative py-2 Link--secondary" data-analytics-event="{&quot;location&quot;:&quot;navbar&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:&quot;devops&quot;,&quot;context&quot;:&quot;resources&quot;,&quot;tag&quot;:&quot;link&quot;,&quot;label&quot;:&quot;devops_link_resources_navbar&quot;}" href="/resources/articles/devops">
      DevOps

    
</a></li>

                      <li>
  <a class="HeaderMenu-dropdown-link d-block no-underline position-relative py-2 Link--secondary" data-analytics-event="{&quot;location&quot;:&quot;navbar&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:&quot;security&quot;,&quot;context&quot;:&quot;resources&quot;,&quot;tag&quot;:&quot;link&quot;,&quot;label&quot;:&quot;security_link_resources_navbar&quot;}" href="/resources/articles/security">
      Security

    
</a></li>

                      <li>
  <a class="HeaderMenu-dropdown-link d-block no-underline position-relative py-2 Link--secondary" data-analytics-event="{&quot;location&quot;:&quot;navbar&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:&quot;software_development&quot;,&quot;context&quot;:&quot;resources&quot;,&quot;tag&quot;:&quot;link&quot;,&quot;label&quot;:&quot;software_development_link_resources_navbar&quot;}" href="/resources/articles/software-development">
      Software Development

    
</a></li>

                      <li>
  <a class="HeaderMenu-dropdown-link d-block no-underline position-relative py-2 Link--secondary" data-analytics-event="{&quot;location&quot;:&quot;navbar&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:&quot;view_all&quot;,&quot;context&quot;:&quot;resources&quot;,&quot;tag&quot;:&quot;link&quot;,&quot;label&quot;:&quot;view_all_link_resources_navbar&quot;}" href="/resources/articles">
      View all

    
</a></li>

                  </ul>
                </div>
            </div>
            <div class="HeaderMenu-column px-lg-4">
                <div class="border-bottom border-lg-bottom-0 pb-lg-0 border-bottom-0">

                      <span class="d-block h4 color-fg-default my-1" id="resources-explore-heading">Explore</span>

                  <ul class="list-style-none f5" aria-labelledby="resources-explore-heading">
                      <li>
  <a class="HeaderMenu-dropdown-link d-block no-underline position-relative py-2 Link--secondary Link--external" target="_blank" data-analytics-event="{&quot;location&quot;:&quot;navbar&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:&quot;learning_pathways&quot;,&quot;context&quot;:&quot;resources&quot;,&quot;tag&quot;:&quot;link&quot;,&quot;label&quot;:&quot;learning_pathways_link_resources_navbar&quot;}" href="https://resources.github.com/learn/pathways">
      Learning Pathways

    <svg aria-hidden="true" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" data-view-component="true" class="octicon octicon-link-external HeaderMenu-external-icon color-fg-subtle">
    <path d="M3.75 2h3.5a.75.75 0 0 1 0 1.5h-3.5a.25.25 0 0 0-.25.25v8.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h8.5a.25.25 0 0 0 .25-.25v-3.5a.75.75 0 0 1 1.5 0v3.5A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 12.25 14h-8.5A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 2 12.25v-8.5C2 2.784 2.784 2 3.75 2Zm6.854-1h4.146a.25.25 0 0 1 .25.25v4.146a.25.25 0 0 1-.427.177L13.03 4.03 9.28 7.78a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042l3.75-3.75-1.543-1.543A.25.25 0 0 1 10.604 1Z"></path>
</svg>
</a></li>

                      <li>
  <a class="HeaderMenu-dropdown-link d-block no-underline position-relative py-2 Link--secondary" data-analytics-event="{&quot;location&quot;:&quot;navbar&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:&quot;events_amp_webinars&quot;,&quot;context&quot;:&quot;resources&quot;,&quot;tag&quot;:&quot;link&quot;,&quot;label&quot;:&quot;events_amp_webinars_link_resources_navbar&quot;}" href="https://github.com/resources/events">
      Events &amp; Webinars

    
</a></li>

                      <li>
  <a class="HeaderMenu-dropdown-link d-block no-underline position-relative py-2 Link--secondary" data-analytics-event="{&quot;location&quot;:&quot;navbar&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:&quot;ebooks_amp_whitepapers&quot;,&quot;context&quot;:&quot;resources&quot;,&quot;tag&quot;:&quot;link&quot;,&quot;label&quot;:&quot;ebooks_amp_whitepapers_link_resources_navbar&quot;}" href="https://github.com/resources/whitepapers">
      Ebooks &amp; Whitepapers

    
</a></li>

                      <li>
  <a class="HeaderMenu-dropdown-link d-block no-underline position-relative py-2 Link--secondary" data-analytics-event="{&quot;location&quot;:&quot;navbar&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:&quot;customer_stories&quot;,&quot;context&quot;:&quot;resources&quot;,&quot;tag&quot;:&quot;link&quot;,&quot;label&quot;:&quot;customer_stories_link_resources_navbar&quot;}" href="https://github.com/customer-stories">
      Customer Stories

    
</a></li>

                      <li>
  <a class="HeaderMenu-dropdown-link d-block no-underline position-relative py-2 Link--secondary" data-analytics-event="{&quot;location&quot;:&quot;navbar&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:&quot;partners&quot;,&quot;context&quot;:&quot;resources&quot;,&quot;tag&quot;:&quot;link&quot;,&quot;label&quot;:&quot;partners_link_resources_navbar&quot;}" href="https://github.com/partners">
      Partners

    
</a></li>

                      <li>
  <a class="HeaderMenu-dropdown-link d-block no-underline position-relative py-2 Link--secondary" data-analytics-event="{&quot;location&quot;:&quot;navbar&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:&quot;executive_insights&quot;,&quot;context&quot;:&quot;resources&quot;,&quot;tag&quot;:&quot;link&quot;,&quot;label&quot;:&quot;executive_insights_link_resources_navbar&quot;}" href="https://github.com/solutions/executive-insights">
      Executive Insights

    
</a></li>

                  </ul>
                </div>
            </div>
        </div>

      </div>
</li>


                <li class="HeaderMenu-item position-relative flex-wrap flex-justify-between flex-items-center d-block d-lg-flex flex-lg-nowrap flex-lg-items-center js-details-container js-header-menu-item">
      <button type="button" class="HeaderMenu-link border-0 width-full width-lg-auto px-0 px-lg-2 py-lg-2 no-wrap d-flex flex-items-center flex-justify-between js-details-target" aria-expanded="false">
        Open Source
        <svg opacity="0.5" aria-hidden="true" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" data-view-component="true" class="octicon octicon-chevron-down HeaderMenu-icon ml-1">
    <path d="M12.78 5.22a.749.749 0 0 1 0 1.06l-4.25 4.25a.749.749 0 0 1-1.06 0L3.22 6.28a.749.749 0 1 1 1.06-1.06L8 8.939l3.72-3.719a.749.749 0 0 1 1.06 0Z"></path>
</svg>
      </button>

      <div class="HeaderMenu-dropdown dropdown-menu rounded m-0 p-0 pt-2 pt-lg-4 position-relative position-lg-absolute left-0 left-lg-n3 pb-2 pb-lg-4">
        <div class="d-lg-flex dropdown-menu-wide">
            <div class="HeaderMenu-column px-lg-4">
                <div class="border-bottom mb-3 mb-lg-3 pb-3">

                  <ul class="list-style-none f5" >
                      <li>
  <a class="HeaderMenu-dropdown-link d-block no-underline position-relative py-2 Link--secondary d-flex flex-items-center Link--has-description" data-analytics-event="{&quot;location&quot;:&quot;navbar&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:&quot;github_sponsors&quot;,&quot;context&quot;:&quot;open_source&quot;,&quot;tag&quot;:&quot;link&quot;,&quot;label&quot;:&quot;github_sponsors_link_open_source_navbar&quot;}" href="/sponsors">
      
      <div>
        <div class="color-fg-default h4">
          GitHub Sponsors

        </div>

        Fund open source developers
      </div>

    
</a></li>

                  </ul>
                </div>
                <div class="border-bottom mb-3 mb-lg-3 pb-3">

                  <ul class="list-style-none f5" >
                      <li>
  <a class="HeaderMenu-dropdown-link d-block no-underline position-relative py-2 Link--secondary d-flex flex-items-center Link--has-description" data-analytics-event="{&quot;location&quot;:&quot;navbar&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:&quot;the_readme_project&quot;,&quot;context&quot;:&quot;open_source&quot;,&quot;tag&quot;:&quot;link&quot;,&quot;label&quot;:&quot;the_readme_project_link_open_source_navbar&quot;}" href="https://github.com/readme">
      
      <div>
        <div class="color-fg-default h4">
          The ReadME Project

        </div>

        GitHub community articles
      </div>

    
</a></li>

                  </ul>
                </div>
                <div class="border-bottom border-bottom-0">

                      <span class="d-block h4 color-fg-default my-1" id="open-source-repositories-heading">Repositories</span>

                  <ul class="list-style-none f5" aria-labelledby="open-source-repositories-heading">
                      <li>
  <a class="HeaderMenu-dropdown-link d-block no-underline position-relative py-2 Link--secondary" data-analytics-event="{&quot;location&quot;:&quot;navbar&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:&quot;topics&quot;,&quot;context&quot;:&quot;open_source&quot;,&quot;tag&quot;:&quot;link&quot;,&quot;label&quot;:&quot;topics_link_open_source_navbar&quot;}" href="https://github.com/topics">
      Topics

    
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  <a class="HeaderMenu-dropdown-link d-block no-underline position-relative py-2 Link--secondary" data-analytics-event="{&quot;location&quot;:&quot;navbar&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:&quot;trending&quot;,&quot;context&quot;:&quot;open_source&quot;,&quot;tag&quot;:&quot;link&quot;,&quot;label&quot;:&quot;trending_link_open_source_navbar&quot;}" href="https://github.com/trending">
      Trending

    
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  <a class="HeaderMenu-dropdown-link d-block no-underline position-relative py-2 Link--secondary" data-analytics-event="{&quot;location&quot;:&quot;navbar&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:&quot;collections&quot;,&quot;context&quot;:&quot;open_source&quot;,&quot;tag&quot;:&quot;link&quot;,&quot;label&quot;:&quot;collections_link_open_source_navbar&quot;}" href="https://github.com/collections">
      Collections

    
</a></li>

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        </div>

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</li>


                <li class="HeaderMenu-item position-relative flex-wrap flex-justify-between flex-items-center d-block d-lg-flex flex-lg-nowrap flex-lg-items-center js-details-container js-header-menu-item">
      <button type="button" class="HeaderMenu-link border-0 width-full width-lg-auto px-0 px-lg-2 py-lg-2 no-wrap d-flex flex-items-center flex-justify-between js-details-target" aria-expanded="false">
        Enterprise
        <svg opacity="0.5" aria-hidden="true" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" data-view-component="true" class="octicon octicon-chevron-down HeaderMenu-icon ml-1">
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      <div class="HeaderMenu-dropdown dropdown-menu rounded m-0 p-0 pt-2 pt-lg-4 position-relative position-lg-absolute left-0 left-lg-n3 pb-2 pb-lg-4">
        <div class="d-lg-flex dropdown-menu-wide">
            <div class="HeaderMenu-column px-lg-4">
                <div class="border-bottom mb-3 mb-lg-3 pb-3">

                  <ul class="list-style-none f5" >
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  <a class="HeaderMenu-dropdown-link d-block no-underline position-relative py-2 Link--secondary d-flex flex-items-center Link--has-description" data-analytics-event="{&quot;location&quot;:&quot;navbar&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:&quot;enterprise_platform&quot;,&quot;context&quot;:&quot;enterprise&quot;,&quot;tag&quot;:&quot;link&quot;,&quot;label&quot;:&quot;enterprise_platform_link_enterprise_navbar&quot;}" href="/enterprise">
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</svg>
      <div>
        <div class="color-fg-default h4">
          Enterprise platform

        </div>

        AI-powered developer platform
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                  </ul>
                </div>
                <div class="border-bottom border-bottom-0">

                      <span class="d-block h4 color-fg-default my-1" id="enterprise-available-add-ons-heading">Available add-ons</span>

                  <ul class="list-style-none f5" aria-labelledby="enterprise-available-add-ons-heading">
                      <li>
  <a class="HeaderMenu-dropdown-link d-block no-underline position-relative py-2 Link--secondary d-flex flex-items-center Link--has-description mb-lg-3" data-analytics-event="{&quot;location&quot;:&quot;navbar&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:&quot;github_advanced_security&quot;,&quot;context&quot;:&quot;enterprise&quot;,&quot;tag&quot;:&quot;link&quot;,&quot;label&quot;:&quot;github_advanced_security_link_enterprise_navbar&quot;}" href="https://github.com/security/advanced-security">
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</svg>
      <div>
        <div class="color-fg-default h4">
          GitHub Advanced Security

        </div>

        Enterprise-grade security features
      </div>

    
</a></li>

                      <li>
  <a class="HeaderMenu-dropdown-link d-block no-underline position-relative py-2 Link--secondary d-flex flex-items-center Link--has-description mb-lg-3" data-analytics-event="{&quot;location&quot;:&quot;navbar&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:&quot;copilot_for_business&quot;,&quot;context&quot;:&quot;enterprise&quot;,&quot;tag&quot;:&quot;link&quot;,&quot;label&quot;:&quot;copilot_for_business_link_enterprise_navbar&quot;}" href="/features/copilot/copilot-business">
      <svg aria-hidden="true" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" version="1.1" width="24" data-view-component="true" class="octicon octicon-copilot color-fg-subtle mr-3">
    <path d="M23.922 16.992c-.861 1.495-5.859 5.023-11.922 5.023-6.063 0-11.061-3.528-11.922-5.023A.641.641 0 0 1 0 16.736v-2.869a.841.841 0 0 1 .053-.22c.372-.935 1.347-2.292 2.605-2.656.167-.429.414-1.055.644-1.517a10.195 10.195 0 0 1-.052-1.086c0-1.331.282-2.499 1.132-3.368.397-.406.89-.717 1.474-.952 1.399-1.136 3.392-2.093 6.122-2.093 2.731 0 4.767.957 6.166 2.093.584.235 1.077.546 1.474.952.85.869 1.132 2.037 1.132 3.368 0 .368-.014.733-.052 1.086.23.462.477 1.088.644 1.517 1.258.364 2.233 1.721 2.605 2.656a.832.832 0 0 1 .053.22v2.869a.641.641 0 0 1-.078.256ZM12.172 11h-.344a4.323 4.323 0 0 1-.355.508C10.703 12.455 9.555 13 7.965 13c-1.725 0-2.989-.359-3.782-1.259a2.005 2.005 0 0 1-.085-.104L4 11.741v6.585c1.435.779 4.514 2.179 8 2.179 3.486 0 6.565-1.4 8-2.179v-6.585l-.098-.104s-.033.045-.085.104c-.793.9-2.057 1.259-3.782 1.259-1.59 0-2.738-.545-3.508-1.492a4.323 4.323 0 0 1-.355-.508h-.016.016Zm.641-2.935c.136 1.057.403 1.913.878 2.497.442.544 1.134.938 2.344.938 1.573 0 2.292-.337 2.657-.751.384-.435.558-1.15.558-2.361 0-1.14-.243-1.847-.705-2.319-.477-.488-1.319-.862-2.824-1.025-1.487-.161-2.192.138-2.533.529-.269.307-.437.808-.438 1.578v.021c0 .265.021.562.063.893Zm-1.626 0c.042-.331.063-.628.063-.894v-.02c-.001-.77-.169-1.271-.438-1.578-.341-.391-1.046-.69-2.533-.529-1.505.163-2.347.537-2.824 1.025-.462.472-.705 1.179-.705 2.319 0 1.211.175 1.926.558 2.361.365.414 1.084.751 2.657.751 1.21 0 1.902-.394 2.344-.938.475-.584.742-1.44.878-2.497Z"></path><path d="M14.5 14.25a1 1 0 0 1 1 1v2a1 1 0 0 1-2 0v-2a1 1 0 0 1 1-1Zm-5 0a1 1 0 0 1 1 1v2a1 1 0 0 1-2 0v-2a1 1 0 0 1 1-1Z"></path>
</svg>
      <div>
        <div class="color-fg-default h4">
          Copilot for business

        </div>

        Enterprise-grade AI features
      </div>

    
</a></li>

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  <a class="HeaderMenu-dropdown-link d-block no-underline position-relative py-2 Link--secondary d-flex flex-items-center Link--has-description" data-analytics-event="{&quot;location&quot;:&quot;navbar&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:&quot;premium_support&quot;,&quot;context&quot;:&quot;enterprise&quot;,&quot;tag&quot;:&quot;link&quot;,&quot;label&quot;:&quot;premium_support_link_enterprise_navbar&quot;}" href="/premium-support">
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</svg>
      <div>
        <div class="color-fg-default h4">
          Premium Support

        </div>

        Enterprise-grade 24/7 support
      </div>

    
</a></li>

                  </ul>
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</li>


                <li class="HeaderMenu-item position-relative flex-wrap flex-justify-between flex-items-center d-block d-lg-flex flex-lg-nowrap flex-lg-items-center js-details-container js-header-menu-item">
    <a class="HeaderMenu-link no-underline px-0 px-lg-2 py-3 py-lg-2 d-block d-lg-inline-block" data-analytics-event="{&quot;location&quot;:&quot;navbar&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:&quot;platform&quot;,&quot;context&quot;:&quot;global&quot;,&quot;tag&quot;:&quot;link&quot;,&quot;label&quot;:&quot;platform_link_global_navbar&quot;}" href="https://github.com/pricing">Pricing</a>
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<qbsearch-input class="search-input" data-scope="repo:cplusplus/draft" data-custom-scopes-path="/search/custom_scopes" data-delete-custom-scopes-csrf="GRieXY1pCCHPA5s_kxO5BLvXy66y21eFII-T6aE_pYculkX1OMKFdysN9GijG35x-8Wko7mJ7ECWBEKn7sQTZQ" data-max-custom-scopes="10" data-header-redesign-enabled="false" data-initial-value="" data-blackbird-suggestions-path="/search/suggestions" data-jump-to-suggestions-path="/_graphql/GetSuggestedNavigationDestinations" data-current-repository="cplusplus/draft" data-current-org="cplusplus" data-current-owner="" data-logged-in="false" data-copilot-chat-enabled="false" data-nl-search-enabled="false" data-retain-scroll-position="true">
  <div
    class="search-input-container search-with-dialog position-relative d-flex flex-row flex-items-center mr-4 rounded"
    data-action="click:qbsearch-input#searchInputContainerClicked"
  >
      <button
        type="button"
        class="header-search-button placeholder  input-button form-control d-flex flex-1 flex-self-stretch flex-items-center no-wrap width-full py-0 pl-2 pr-0 text-left border-0 box-shadow-none"
        data-target="qbsearch-input.inputButton"
        aria-label="Search or jump to…"
        aria-haspopup="dialog"
        placeholder="Search or jump to..."
        data-hotkey=s,/
        autocapitalize="off"
        data-analytics-event="{&quot;location&quot;:&quot;navbar&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:&quot;searchbar&quot;,&quot;context&quot;:&quot;global&quot;,&quot;tag&quot;:&quot;input&quot;,&quot;label&quot;:&quot;searchbar_input_global_navbar&quot;}"
        data-action="click:qbsearch-input#handleExpand"
      >
        <div class="mr-2 color-fg-muted">
          <svg aria-hidden="true" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" data-view-component="true" class="octicon octicon-search">
    <path d="M10.68 11.74a6 6 0 0 1-7.922-8.982 6 6 0 0 1 8.982 7.922l3.04 3.04a.749.749 0 0 1-.326 1.275.749.749 0 0 1-.734-.215ZM11.5 7a4.499 4.499 0 1 0-8.997 0A4.499 4.499 0 0 0 11.5 7Z"></path>
</svg>
        </div>
        <span class="flex-1" data-target="qbsearch-input.inputButtonText">Search or jump to...</span>
          <div class="d-flex" data-target="qbsearch-input.hotkeyIndicator">
            <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="22" height="20" aria-hidden="true" class="mr-1"><path fill="none" stroke="#979A9C" opacity=".4" d="M3.5.5h12c1.7 0 3 1.3 3 3v13c0 1.7-1.3 3-3 3h-12c-1.7 0-3-1.3-3-3v-13c0-1.7 1.3-3 3-3z"></path><path fill="#979A9C" d="M11.8 6L8 15.1h-.9L10.8 6h1z"></path></svg>
          </div>
      </button>

    <input type="hidden" name="type" class="js-site-search-type-field">

    
<div class="Overlay--hidden " data-modal-dialog-overlay>
  <modal-dialog data-action="close:qbsearch-input#handleClose cancel:qbsearch-input#handleClose" data-target="qbsearch-input.searchSuggestionsDialog" role="dialog" id="search-suggestions-dialog" aria-modal="true" aria-labelledby="search-suggestions-dialog-header" data-view-component="true" class="Overlay Overlay--width-large Overlay--height-auto">
      <h1 id="search-suggestions-dialog-header" class="sr-only">Search code, repositories, users, issues, pull requests...</h1>
    <div class="Overlay-body Overlay-body--paddingNone">
      
          <div data-view-component="true">        <div class="search-suggestions position-fixed width-full color-shadow-large border color-fg-default color-bg-default overflow-hidden d-flex flex-column query-builder-container"
          style="border-radius: 12px;"
          data-target="qbsearch-input.queryBuilderContainer"
          hidden
        >
          <!-- '"` --><!-- </textarea></xmp> --></option></form><form id="query-builder-test-form" action="" accept-charset="UTF-8" method="get">
  <query-builder data-target="qbsearch-input.queryBuilder" id="query-builder-query-builder-test" data-filter-key=":" data-view-component="true" class="QueryBuilder search-query-builder">
    <div class="FormControl FormControl--fullWidth">
      <label id="query-builder-test-label" for="query-builder-test" class="FormControl-label sr-only">
        Search
      </label>
      <div
        class="QueryBuilder-StyledInput width-fit "
        data-target="query-builder.styledInput"
      >
          <span id="query-builder-test-leadingvisual-wrap" class="FormControl-input-leadingVisualWrap QueryBuilder-leadingVisualWrap">
            <svg aria-hidden="true" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" data-view-component="true" class="octicon octicon-search FormControl-input-leadingVisual">
    <path d="M10.68 11.74a6 6 0 0 1-7.922-8.982 6 6 0 0 1 8.982 7.922l3.04 3.04a.749.749 0 0 1-.326 1.275.749.749 0 0 1-.734-.215ZM11.5 7a4.499 4.499 0 1 0-8.997 0A4.499 4.499 0 0 0 11.5 7Z"></path>
</svg>
          </span>
        <div data-target="query-builder.styledInputContainer" class="QueryBuilder-StyledInputContainer">
          <div
            aria-hidden="true"
            class="QueryBuilder-StyledInputContent"
            data-target="query-builder.styledInputContent"
          ></div>
          <div class="QueryBuilder-InputWrapper">
            <div aria-hidden="true" class="QueryBuilder-Sizer" data-target="query-builder.sizer"></div>
            <input id="query-builder-test" name="query-builder-test" value="" autocomplete="off" type="text" role="combobox" spellcheck="false" aria-expanded="false" aria-describedby="validation-a9f4fcc1-2a45-4757-91ed-c779d2c252a7" data-target="query-builder.input" data-action="
          input:query-builder#inputChange
          blur:query-builder#inputBlur
          keydown:query-builder#inputKeydown
          focus:query-builder#inputFocus
        " data-view-component="true" class="FormControl-input QueryBuilder-Input FormControl-medium" />
          </div>
        </div>
          <span class="sr-only" id="query-builder-test-clear">Clear</span>
          <button role="button" id="query-builder-test-clear-button" aria-labelledby="query-builder-test-clear query-builder-test-label" data-target="query-builder.clearButton" data-action="
                click:query-builder#clear
                focus:query-builder#clearButtonFocus
                blur:query-builder#clearButtonBlur
              " variant="small" hidden="hidden" type="button" data-view-component="true" class="Button Button--iconOnly Button--invisible Button--medium mr-1 px-2 py-0 d-flex flex-items-center rounded-1 color-fg-muted">  <svg aria-hidden="true" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" data-view-component="true" class="octicon octicon-x-circle-fill Button-visual">
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</svg>
</button>

      </div>
      <template id="search-icon">
  <svg aria-hidden="true" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" data-view-component="true" class="octicon octicon-search">
    <path d="M10.68 11.74a6 6 0 0 1-7.922-8.982 6 6 0 0 1 8.982 7.922l3.04 3.04a.749.749 0 0 1-.326 1.275.749.749 0 0 1-.734-.215ZM11.5 7a4.499 4.499 0 1 0-8.997 0A4.499 4.499 0 0 0 11.5 7Z"></path>
</svg>
</template>

<template id="code-icon">
  <svg aria-hidden="true" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" data-view-component="true" class="octicon octicon-code">
    <path d="m11.28 3.22 4.25 4.25a.75.75 0 0 1 0 1.06l-4.25 4.25a.749.749 0 0 1-1.275-.326.749.749 0 0 1 .215-.734L13.94 8l-3.72-3.72a.749.749 0 0 1 .326-1.275.749.749 0 0 1 .734.215Zm-6.56 0a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042L2.06 8l3.72 3.72a.749.749 0 0 1-.326 1.275.749.749 0 0 1-.734-.215L.47 8.53a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.06Z"></path>
</svg>
</template>

<template id="file-code-icon">
  <svg aria-hidden="true" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" data-view-component="true" class="octicon octicon-file-code">
    <path d="M4 1.75C4 .784 4.784 0 5.75 0h5.586c.464 0 .909.184 1.237.513l2.914 2.914c.329.328.513.773.513 1.237v8.586A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 14.25 15h-9a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.5h9a.25.25 0 0 0 .25-.25V6h-2.75A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 10 4.25V1.5H5.75a.25.25 0 0 0-.25.25v2.5a.75.75 0 0 1-1.5 0Zm1.72 4.97a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06 0l2 2a.75.75 0 0 1 0 1.06l-2 2a.749.749 0 0 1-1.275-.326.749.749 0 0 1 .215-.734l1.47-1.47-1.47-1.47a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.06ZM3.28 7.78 1.81 9.25l1.47 1.47a.751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018l-2-2a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.06l2-2a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042Zm8.22-6.218V4.25c0 .138.112.25.25.25h2.688l-.011-.013-2.914-2.914-.013-.011Z"></path>
</svg>
</template>

<template id="history-icon">
  <svg aria-hidden="true" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" data-view-component="true" class="octicon octicon-history">
    <path d="m.427 1.927 1.215 1.215a8.002 8.002 0 1 1-1.6 5.685.75.75 0 1 1 1.493-.154 6.5 6.5 0 1 0 1.18-4.458l1.358 1.358A.25.25 0 0 1 3.896 6H.25A.25.25 0 0 1 0 5.75V2.104a.25.25 0 0 1 .427-.177ZM7.75 4a.75.75 0 0 1 .75.75v2.992l2.028.812a.75.75 0 0 1-.557 1.392l-2.5-1A.751.751 0 0 1 7 8.25v-3.5A.75.75 0 0 1 7.75 4Z"></path>
</svg>
</template>

<template id="repo-icon">
  <svg aria-hidden="true" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" data-view-component="true" class="octicon octicon-repo">
    <path d="M2 2.5A2.5 2.5 0 0 1 4.5 0h8.75a.75.75 0 0 1 .75.75v12.5a.75.75 0 0 1-.75.75h-2.5a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.5h1.75v-2h-8a1 1 0 0 0-.714 1.7.75.75 0 1 1-1.072 1.05A2.495 2.495 0 0 1 2 11.5Zm10.5-1h-8a1 1 0 0 0-1 1v6.708A2.486 2.486 0 0 1 4.5 9h8ZM5 12.25a.25.25 0 0 1 .25-.25h3.5a.25.25 0 0 1 .25.25v3.25a.25.25 0 0 1-.4.2l-1.45-1.087a.249.249 0 0 0-.3 0L5.4 15.7a.25.25 0 0 1-.4-.2Z"></path>
</svg>
</template>

<template id="bookmark-icon">
  <svg aria-hidden="true" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" data-view-component="true" class="octicon octicon-bookmark">
    <path d="M3 2.75C3 1.784 3.784 1 4.75 1h6.5c.966 0 1.75.784 1.75 1.75v11.5a.75.75 0 0 1-1.227.579L8 11.722l-3.773 3.107A.751.751 0 0 1 3 14.25Zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 0 0-.25.25v9.91l3.023-2.489a.75.75 0 0 1 .954 0l3.023 2.49V2.75a.25.25 0 0 0-.25-.25Z"></path>
</svg>
</template>

<template id="plus-circle-icon">
  <svg aria-hidden="true" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" data-view-component="true" class="octicon octicon-plus-circle">
    <path d="M8 0a8 8 0 1 1 0 16A8 8 0 0 1 8 0ZM1.5 8a6.5 6.5 0 1 0 13 0 6.5 6.5 0 0 0-13 0Zm7.25-3.25v2.5h2.5a.75.75 0 0 1 0 1.5h-2.5v2.5a.75.75 0 0 1-1.5 0v-2.5h-2.5a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.5h2.5v-2.5a.75.75 0 0 1 1.5 0Z"></path>
</svg>
</template>

<template id="circle-icon">
  <svg aria-hidden="true" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" data-view-component="true" class="octicon octicon-dot-fill">
    <path d="M8 4a4 4 0 1 1 0 8 4 4 0 0 1 0-8Z"></path>
</svg>
</template>

<template id="trash-icon">
  <svg aria-hidden="true" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" data-view-component="true" class="octicon octicon-trash">
    <path d="M11 1.75V3h2.25a.75.75 0 0 1 0 1.5H2.75a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.5H5V1.75C5 .784 5.784 0 6.75 0h2.5C10.216 0 11 .784 11 1.75ZM4.496 6.675l.66 6.6a.25.25 0 0 0 .249.225h5.19a.25.25 0 0 0 .249-.225l.66-6.6a.75.75 0 0 1 1.492.149l-.66 6.6A1.748 1.748 0 0 1 10.595 15h-5.19a1.75 1.75 0 0 1-1.741-1.575l-.66-6.6a.75.75 0 1 1 1.492-.15ZM6.5 1.75V3h3V1.75a.25.25 0 0 0-.25-.25h-2.5a.25.25 0 0 0-.25.25Z"></path>
</svg>
</template>

<template id="team-icon">
  <svg aria-hidden="true" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" data-view-component="true" class="octicon octicon-people">
    <path d="M2 5.5a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 5.898 2.549 5.508 5.508 0 0 1 3.034 4.084.75.75 0 1 1-1.482.235 4 4 0 0 0-7.9 0 .75.75 0 0 1-1.482-.236A5.507 5.507 0 0 1 3.102 8.05 3.493 3.493 0 0 1 2 5.5ZM11 4a3.001 3.001 0 0 1 2.22 5.018 5.01 5.01 0 0 1 2.56 3.012.749.749 0 0 1-.885.954.752.752 0 0 1-.549-.514 3.507 3.507 0 0 0-2.522-2.372.75.75 0 0 1-.574-.73v-.352a.75.75 0 0 1 .416-.672A1.5 1.5 0 0 0 11 5.5.75.75 0 0 1 11 4Zm-5.5-.5a2 2 0 1 0-.001 3.999A2 2 0 0 0 5.5 3.5Z"></path>
</svg>
</template>

<template id="project-icon">
  <svg aria-hidden="true" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" data-view-component="true" class="octicon octicon-project">
    <path d="M1.75 0h12.5C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v12.5A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 14.25 16H1.75A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 0 14.25V1.75C0 .784.784 0 1.75 0ZM1.5 1.75v12.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h12.5a.25.25 0 0 0 .25-.25V1.75a.25.25 0 0 0-.25-.25H1.75a.25.25 0 0 0-.25.25ZM11.75 3a.75.75 0 0 1 .75.75v7.5a.75.75 0 0 1-1.5 0v-7.5a.75.75 0 0 1 .75-.75Zm-8.25.75a.75.75 0 0 1 1.5 0v5.5a.75.75 0 0 1-1.5 0ZM8 3a.75.75 0 0 1 .75.75v3.5a.75.75 0 0 1-1.5 0v-3.5A.75.75 0 0 1 8 3Z"></path>
</svg>
</template>

<template id="pencil-icon">
  <svg aria-hidden="true" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" data-view-component="true" class="octicon octicon-pencil">
    <path d="M11.013 1.427a1.75 1.75 0 0 1 2.474 0l1.086 1.086a1.75 1.75 0 0 1 0 2.474l-8.61 8.61c-.21.21-.47.364-.756.445l-3.251.93a.75.75 0 0 1-.927-.928l.929-3.25c.081-.286.235-.547.445-.758l8.61-8.61Zm.176 4.823L9.75 4.81l-6.286 6.287a.253.253 0 0 0-.064.108l-.558 1.953 1.953-.558a.253.253 0 0 0 .108-.064Zm1.238-3.763a.25.25 0 0 0-.354 0L10.811 3.75l1.439 1.44 1.263-1.263a.25.25 0 0 0 0-.354Z"></path>
</svg>
</template>

<template id="copilot-icon">
  <svg aria-hidden="true" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" data-view-component="true" class="octicon octicon-copilot">
    <path d="M7.998 15.035c-4.562 0-7.873-2.914-7.998-3.749V9.338c.085-.628.677-1.686 1.588-2.065.013-.07.024-.143.036-.218.029-.183.06-.384.126-.612-.201-.508-.254-1.084-.254-1.656 0-.87.128-1.769.693-2.484.579-.733 1.494-1.124 2.724-1.261 1.206-.134 2.262.034 2.944.765.05.053.096.108.139.165.044-.057.094-.112.143-.165.682-.731 1.738-.899 2.944-.765 1.23.137 2.145.528 2.724 1.261.566.715.693 1.614.693 2.484 0 .572-.053 1.148-.254 1.656.066.228.098.429.126.612.012.076.024.148.037.218.924.385 1.522 1.471 1.591 2.095v1.872c0 .766-3.351 3.795-8.002 3.795Zm0-1.485c2.28 0 4.584-1.11 5.002-1.433V7.862l-.023-.116c-.49.21-1.075.291-1.727.291-1.146 0-2.059-.327-2.71-.991A3.222 3.222 0 0 1 8 6.303a3.24 3.24 0 0 1-.544.743c-.65.664-1.563.991-2.71.991-.652 0-1.236-.081-1.727-.291l-.023.116v4.255c.419.323 2.722 1.433 5.002 1.433ZM6.762 2.83c-.193-.206-.637-.413-1.682-.297-1.019.113-1.479.404-1.713.7-.247.312-.369.789-.369 1.554 0 .793.129 1.171.308 1.371.162.181.519.379 1.442.379.853 0 1.339-.235 1.638-.54.315-.322.527-.827.617-1.553.117-.935-.037-1.395-.241-1.614Zm4.155-.297c-1.044-.116-1.488.091-1.681.297-.204.219-.359.679-.242 1.614.091.726.303 1.231.618 1.553.299.305.784.54 1.638.54.922 0 1.28-.198 1.442-.379.179-.2.308-.578.308-1.371 0-.765-.123-1.242-.37-1.554-.233-.296-.693-.587-1.713-.7Z"></path><path d="M6.25 9.037a.75.75 0 0 1 .75.75v1.501a.75.75 0 0 1-1.5 0V9.787a.75.75 0 0 1 .75-.75Zm4.25.75v1.501a.75.75 0 0 1-1.5 0V9.787a.75.75 0 0 1 1.5 0Z"></path>
</svg>
</template>

<template id="copilot-error-icon">
  <svg aria-hidden="true" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" data-view-component="true" class="octicon octicon-copilot-error">
    <path d="M16 11.24c0 .112-.072.274-.21.467L13 9.688V7.862l-.023-.116c-.49.21-1.075.291-1.727.291-.198 0-.388-.009-.571-.029L6.833 5.226a4.01 4.01 0 0 0 .17-.782c.117-.935-.037-1.395-.241-1.614-.193-.206-.637-.413-1.682-.297-.683.076-1.115.231-1.395.415l-1.257-.91c.579-.564 1.413-.877 2.485-.996 1.206-.134 2.262.034 2.944.765.05.053.096.108.139.165.044-.057.094-.112.143-.165.682-.731 1.738-.899 2.944-.765 1.23.137 2.145.528 2.724 1.261.566.715.693 1.614.693 2.484 0 .572-.053 1.148-.254 1.656.066.228.098.429.126.612.012.076.024.148.037.218.924.385 1.522 1.471 1.591 2.095Zm-5.083-8.707c-1.044-.116-1.488.091-1.681.297-.204.219-.359.679-.242 1.614.091.726.303 1.231.618 1.553.299.305.784.54 1.638.54.922 0 1.28-.198 1.442-.379.179-.2.308-.578.308-1.371 0-.765-.123-1.242-.37-1.554-.233-.296-.693-.587-1.713-.7Zm2.511 11.074c-1.393.776-3.272 1.428-5.43 1.428-4.562 0-7.873-2.914-7.998-3.749V9.338c.085-.628.677-1.686 1.588-2.065.013-.07.024-.143.036-.218.029-.183.06-.384.126-.612-.18-.455-.241-.963-.252-1.475L.31 4.107A.747.747 0 0 1 0 3.509V3.49a.748.748 0 0 1 .625-.73c.156-.026.306.047.435.139l14.667 10.578a.592.592 0 0 1 .227.264.752.752 0 0 1 .046.249v.022a.75.75 0 0 1-1.19.596Zm-1.367-.991L5.635 7.964a5.128 5.128 0 0 1-.889.073c-.652 0-1.236-.081-1.727-.291l-.023.116v4.255c.419.323 2.722 1.433 5.002 1.433 1.539 0 3.089-.505 4.063-.934Z"></path>
</svg>
</template>

<template id="workflow-icon">
  <svg aria-hidden="true" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" data-view-component="true" class="octicon octicon-workflow">
    <path d="M0 1.75C0 .784.784 0 1.75 0h3.5C6.216 0 7 .784 7 1.75v3.5A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 5.25 7H4v4a1 1 0 0 0 1 1h4v-1.25C9 9.784 9.784 9 10.75 9h3.5c.966 0 1.75.784 1.75 1.75v3.5A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 14.25 16h-3.5A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 9 14.25v-.75H5A2.5 2.5 0 0 1 2.5 11V7h-.75A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 0 5.25Zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 0 0-.25.25v3.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h3.5a.25.25 0 0 0 .25-.25v-3.5a.25.25 0 0 0-.25-.25Zm9 9a.25.25 0 0 0-.25.25v3.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h3.5a.25.25 0 0 0 .25-.25v-3.5a.25.25 0 0 0-.25-.25Z"></path>
</svg>
</template>

<template id="book-icon">
  <svg aria-hidden="true" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" data-view-component="true" class="octicon octicon-book">
    <path d="M0 1.75A.75.75 0 0 1 .75 1h4.253c1.227 0 2.317.59 3 1.501A3.743 3.743 0 0 1 11.006 1h4.245a.75.75 0 0 1 .75.75v10.5a.75.75 0 0 1-.75.75h-4.507a2.25 2.25 0 0 0-1.591.659l-.622.621a.75.75 0 0 1-1.06 0l-.622-.621A2.25 2.25 0 0 0 5.258 13H.75a.75.75 0 0 1-.75-.75Zm7.251 10.324.004-5.073-.002-2.253A2.25 2.25 0 0 0 5.003 2.5H1.5v9h3.757a3.75 3.75 0 0 1 1.994.574ZM8.755 4.75l-.004 7.322a3.752 3.752 0 0 1 1.992-.572H14.5v-9h-3.495a2.25 2.25 0 0 0-2.25 2.25Z"></path>
</svg>
</template>

<template id="code-review-icon">
  <svg aria-hidden="true" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" data-view-component="true" class="octicon octicon-code-review">
    <path d="M1.75 1h12.5c.966 0 1.75.784 1.75 1.75v8.5A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 14.25 13H8.061l-2.574 2.573A1.458 1.458 0 0 1 3 14.543V13H1.75A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 0 11.25v-8.5C0 1.784.784 1 1.75 1ZM1.5 2.75v8.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h2a.75.75 0 0 1 .75.75v2.19l2.72-2.72a.749.749 0 0 1 .53-.22h6.5a.25.25 0 0 0 .25-.25v-8.5a.25.25 0 0 0-.25-.25H1.75a.25.25 0 0 0-.25.25Zm5.28 1.72a.75.75 0 0 1 0 1.06L5.31 7l1.47 1.47a.751.751 0 0 1-.018 1.042.751.751 0 0 1-1.042.018l-2-2a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.06l2-2a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06 0Zm2.44 0a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06 0l2 2a.75.75 0 0 1 0 1.06l-2 2a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042L10.69 7 9.22 5.53a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.06Z"></path>
</svg>
</template>

<template id="codespaces-icon">
  <svg aria-hidden="true" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" data-view-component="true" class="octicon octicon-codespaces">
    <path d="M0 11.25c0-.966.784-1.75 1.75-1.75h12.5c.966 0 1.75.784 1.75 1.75v3A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 14.25 16H1.75A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 0 14.25Zm2-9.5C2 .784 2.784 0 3.75 0h8.5C13.216 0 14 .784 14 1.75v5a1.75 1.75 0 0 1-1.75 1.75h-8.5A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 2 6.75Zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 0 0-.25.25v5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h8.5a.25.25 0 0 0 .25-.25v-5a.25.25 0 0 0-.25-.25Zm-2 9.5a.25.25 0 0 0-.25.25v3c0 .138.112.25.25.25h12.5a.25.25 0 0 0 .25-.25v-3a.25.25 0 0 0-.25-.25Z"></path><path d="M7 12.75a.75.75 0 0 1 .75-.75h4.5a.75.75 0 0 1 0 1.5h-4.5a.75.75 0 0 1-.75-.75Zm-4 0a.75.75 0 0 1 .75-.75h.5a.75.75 0 0 1 0 1.5h-.5a.75.75 0 0 1-.75-.75Z"></path>
</svg>
</template>

<template id="comment-icon">
  <svg aria-hidden="true" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" data-view-component="true" class="octicon octicon-comment">
    <path d="M1 2.75C1 1.784 1.784 1 2.75 1h10.5c.966 0 1.75.784 1.75 1.75v7.5A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 13.25 12H9.06l-2.573 2.573A1.458 1.458 0 0 1 4 13.543V12H2.75A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 1 10.25Zm1.75-.25a.25.25 0 0 0-.25.25v7.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h2a.75.75 0 0 1 .75.75v2.19l2.72-2.72a.749.749 0 0 1 .53-.22h4.5a.25.25 0 0 0 .25-.25v-7.5a.25.25 0 0 0-.25-.25Z"></path>
</svg>
</template>

<template id="comment-discussion-icon">
  <svg aria-hidden="true" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" data-view-component="true" class="octicon octicon-comment-discussion">
    <path d="M1.75 1h8.5c.966 0 1.75.784 1.75 1.75v5.5A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 10.25 10H7.061l-2.574 2.573A1.458 1.458 0 0 1 2 11.543V10h-.25A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 0 8.25v-5.5C0 1.784.784 1 1.75 1ZM1.5 2.75v5.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h1a.75.75 0 0 1 .75.75v2.19l2.72-2.72a.749.749 0 0 1 .53-.22h3.5a.25.25 0 0 0 .25-.25v-5.5a.25.25 0 0 0-.25-.25h-8.5a.25.25 0 0 0-.25.25Zm13 2a.25.25 0 0 0-.25-.25h-.5a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.5h.5c.966 0 1.75.784 1.75 1.75v5.5A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 14.25 12H14v1.543a1.458 1.458 0 0 1-2.487 1.03L9.22 12.28a.749.749 0 0 1 .326-1.275.749.749 0 0 1 .734.215l2.22 2.22v-2.19a.75.75 0 0 1 .75-.75h1a.25.25 0 0 0 .25-.25Z"></path>
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</template>

<template id="organization-icon">
  <svg aria-hidden="true" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" data-view-component="true" class="octicon octicon-organization">
    <path d="M1.75 16A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 0 14.25V1.75C0 .784.784 0 1.75 0h8.5C11.216 0 12 .784 12 1.75v12.5c0 .085-.006.168-.018.25h2.268a.25.25 0 0 0 .25-.25V8.285a.25.25 0 0 0-.111-.208l-1.055-.703a.749.749 0 1 1 .832-1.248l1.055.703c.487.325.779.871.779 1.456v5.965A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 14.25 16h-3.5a.766.766 0 0 1-.197-.026c-.099.017-.2.026-.303.026h-3a.75.75 0 0 1-.75-.75V14h-1v1.25a.75.75 0 0 1-.75.75Zm-.25-1.75c0 .138.112.25.25.25H4v-1.25a.75.75 0 0 1 .75-.75h2.5a.75.75 0 0 1 .75.75v1.25h2.25a.25.25 0 0 0 .25-.25V1.75a.25.25 0 0 0-.25-.25h-8.5a.25.25 0 0 0-.25.25ZM3.75 6h.5a.75.75 0 0 1 0 1.5h-.5a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.5ZM3 3.75A.75.75 0 0 1 3.75 3h.5a.75.75 0 0 1 0 1.5h-.5A.75.75 0 0 1 3 3.75Zm4 3A.75.75 0 0 1 7.75 6h.5a.75.75 0 0 1 0 1.5h-.5A.75.75 0 0 1 7 6.75ZM7.75 3h.5a.75.75 0 0 1 0 1.5h-.5a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.5ZM3 9.75A.75.75 0 0 1 3.75 9h.5a.75.75 0 0 1 0 1.5h-.5A.75.75 0 0 1 3 9.75ZM7.75 9h.5a.75.75 0 0 1 0 1.5h-.5a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.5Z"></path>
</svg>
</template>

<template id="rocket-icon">
  <svg aria-hidden="true" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" data-view-component="true" class="octicon octicon-rocket">
    <path d="M14.064 0h.186C15.216 0 16 .784 16 1.75v.186a8.752 8.752 0 0 1-2.564 6.186l-.458.459c-.314.314-.641.616-.979.904v3.207c0 .608-.315 1.172-.833 1.49l-2.774 1.707a.749.749 0 0 1-1.11-.418l-.954-3.102a1.214 1.214 0 0 1-.145-.125L3.754 9.816a1.218 1.218 0 0 1-.124-.145L.528 8.717a.749.749 0 0 1-.418-1.11l1.71-2.774A1.748 1.748 0 0 1 3.31 4h3.204c.288-.338.59-.665.904-.979l.459-.458A8.749 8.749 0 0 1 14.064 0ZM8.938 3.623h-.002l-.458.458c-.76.76-1.437 1.598-2.02 2.5l-1.5 2.317 2.143 2.143 2.317-1.5c.902-.583 1.74-1.26 2.499-2.02l.459-.458a7.25 7.25 0 0 0 2.123-5.127V1.75a.25.25 0 0 0-.25-.25h-.186a7.249 7.249 0 0 0-5.125 2.123ZM3.56 14.56c-.732.732-2.334 1.045-3.005 1.148a.234.234 0 0 1-.201-.064.234.234 0 0 1-.064-.201c.103-.671.416-2.273 1.15-3.003a1.502 1.502 0 1 1 2.12 2.12Zm6.94-3.935c-.088.06-.177.118-.266.175l-2.35 1.521.548 1.783 1.949-1.2a.25.25 0 0 0 .119-.213ZM3.678 8.116 5.2 5.766c.058-.09.117-.178.176-.266H3.309a.25.25 0 0 0-.213.119l-1.2 1.95ZM12 5a1 1 0 1 1-2 0 1 1 0 0 1 2 0Z"></path>
</svg>
</template>

<template id="shield-check-icon">
  <svg aria-hidden="true" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" data-view-component="true" class="octicon octicon-shield-check">
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<template id="play-icon">
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        <div class="position-relative">
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            <input
              type="text"
              name="custom_scope_query"
              id="custom_scope_query"
              data-target="custom-scopes.customScopesQueryField"
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              required
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            To see all available qualifiers, see our <a class="Link--inTextBlock" href="https://docs.github.com/search-github/github-code-search/understanding-github-code-search-syntax">documentation</a>.
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                style="margin-left: 12px;"
                data-hydro-click="{&quot;event_type&quot;:&quot;authentication.click&quot;,&quot;payload&quot;:{&quot;location_in_page&quot;:&quot;site header menu&quot;,&quot;repository_id&quot;:null,&quot;auth_type&quot;:&quot;SIGN_UP&quot;,&quot;originating_url&quot;:&quot;https://github.com/cplusplus/draft/issues/4863&quot;,&quot;user_id&quot;:null}}" data-hydro-click-hmac="a6c857cb044aa9c5359d06fd928462aa1c2a3f98b8dd677239e751508f7e0f0b"
                data-analytics-event="{&quot;category&quot;:&quot;Marketing nav&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:&quot;click to go to homepage&quot;,&quot;label&quot;:&quot;ref_page:Marketing;ref_cta:Sign in;ref_loc:Header&quot;}"
              >
                Sign in
              </a>
            </div>

              <a href="/signup?ref_cta=Sign+up&amp;ref_loc=header+logged+out&amp;ref_page=%2F%3Cuser-name%3E%2F%3Crepo-name%3E%2Fvoltron%2Fissues_fragments%2Fissue_layout&amp;source=header-repo&amp;source_repo=cplusplus%2Fdraft"
                class="HeaderMenu-link HeaderMenu-link--sign-up HeaderMenu-button flex-shrink-0 d-flex d-lg-inline-flex no-underline border color-border-default rounded px-2 py-1"
                data-hydro-click="{&quot;event_type&quot;:&quot;authentication.click&quot;,&quot;payload&quot;:{&quot;location_in_page&quot;:&quot;site header menu&quot;,&quot;repository_id&quot;:null,&quot;auth_type&quot;:&quot;SIGN_UP&quot;,&quot;originating_url&quot;:&quot;https://github.com/cplusplus/draft/issues/4863&quot;,&quot;user_id&quot;:null}}" data-hydro-click-hmac="a6c857cb044aa9c5359d06fd928462aa1c2a3f98b8dd677239e751508f7e0f0b"
                data-analytics-event="{&quot;category&quot;:&quot;Sign up&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:&quot;click to sign up for account&quot;,&quot;label&quot;:&quot;ref_page:/&lt;user-name&gt;/&lt;repo-name&gt;/voltron/issues_fragments/issue_layout;ref_cta:Sign up;ref_loc:header logged out&quot;}"
              >
                Sign up
              </a>

                <div class="AppHeader-appearanceSettings">
    <react-partial-anchor>
      <button data-target="react-partial-anchor.anchor" id="icon-button-60be9a19-98e2-49c3-a5d8-d27558a97fa1" aria-labelledby="tooltip-7491d6c8-6171-4d1b-b195-43874ddf5f99" type="button" disabled="disabled" data-view-component="true" class="Button Button--iconOnly Button--invisible Button--medium AppHeader-button HeaderMenu-link border cursor-wait">  <svg aria-hidden="true" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" data-view-component="true" class="octicon octicon-sliders Button-visual">
    <path d="M15 2.75a.75.75 0 0 1-.75.75h-4a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.5h4a.75.75 0 0 1 .75.75Zm-8.5.75v1.25a.75.75 0 0 0 1.5 0v-4a.75.75 0 0 0-1.5 0V2H1.75a.75.75 0 0 0 0 1.5H6.5Zm1.25 5.25a.75.75 0 0 0 0-1.5h-6a.75.75 0 0 0 0 1.5h6ZM15 8a.75.75 0 0 1-.75.75H11.5V10a.75.75 0 1 1-1.5 0V6a.75.75 0 0 1 1.5 0v1.25h2.75A.75.75 0 0 1 15 8Zm-9 5.25v-2a.75.75 0 0 0-1.5 0v1.25H1.75a.75.75 0 0 0 0 1.5H4.5v1.25a.75.75 0 0 0 1.5 0v-2Zm9 0a.75.75 0 0 1-.75.75h-6a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.5h6a.75.75 0 0 1 .75.75Z"></path>
</svg>
</button><tool-tip id="tooltip-7491d6c8-6171-4d1b-b195-43874ddf5f99" for="icon-button-60be9a19-98e2-49c3-a5d8-d27558a97fa1" popover="manual" data-direction="s" data-type="label" data-view-component="true" class="sr-only position-absolute">Appearance settings</tool-tip>

      <template data-target="react-partial-anchor.template">
        <link crossorigin="anonymous" media="all" rel="stylesheet" href="https://github.githubassets.com/assets/appearance-settings.6c63a6de228d6520804d.module.css" />

<react-partial
  partial-name="appearance-settings"
  data-ssr="false"
  data-attempted-ssr="false"
  data-react-profiling="false"
>
  
  <script type="application/json" data-target="react-partial.embeddedData">{"props":{}}</script>
  <div data-target="react-partial.reactRoot"></div>
</react-partial>


      </template>
    </react-partial-anchor>
  </div>

          <button type="button" class="sr-only js-header-menu-focus-trap d-block d-lg-none">Resetting focus</button>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>
</header>

      <div hidden="hidden" data-view-component="true" class="js-stale-session-flash stale-session-flash flash flash-warn flash-full">
  
        <svg aria-hidden="true" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" data-view-component="true" class="octicon octicon-alert">
    <path d="M6.457 1.047c.659-1.234 2.427-1.234 3.086 0l6.082 11.378A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 14.082 15H1.918a1.75 1.75 0 0 1-1.543-2.575Zm1.763.707a.25.25 0 0 0-.44 0L1.698 13.132a.25.25 0 0 0 .22.368h12.164a.25.25 0 0 0 .22-.368Zm.53 3.996v2.5a.75.75 0 0 1-1.5 0v-2.5a.75.75 0 0 1 1.5 0ZM9 11a1 1 0 1 1-2 0 1 1 0 0 1 2 0Z"></path>
</svg>
        <span class="js-stale-session-flash-signed-in" hidden>You signed in with another tab or window. <a class="Link--inTextBlock" href="">Reload</a> to refresh your session.</span>
        <span class="js-stale-session-flash-signed-out" hidden>You signed out in another tab or window. <a class="Link--inTextBlock" href="">Reload</a> to refresh your session.</span>
        <span class="js-stale-session-flash-switched" hidden>You switched accounts on another tab or window. <a class="Link--inTextBlock" href="">Reload</a> to refresh your session.</span>

    <button id="icon-button-9279d6aa-82a1-4338-881c-5afe5c25cc54" aria-labelledby="tooltip-58f312fa-7311-4981-bccb-59d580ab5798" type="button" data-view-component="true" class="Button Button--iconOnly Button--invisible Button--medium flash-close js-flash-close">  <svg aria-hidden="true" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" data-view-component="true" class="octicon octicon-x Button-visual">
    <path d="M3.72 3.72a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06 0L8 6.94l3.22-3.22a.749.749 0 0 1 1.275.326.749.749 0 0 1-.215.734L9.06 8l3.22 3.22a.749.749 0 0 1-.326 1.275.749.749 0 0 1-.734-.215L8 9.06l-3.22 3.22a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042L6.94 8 3.72 4.78a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.06Z"></path>
</svg>
</button><tool-tip id="tooltip-58f312fa-7311-4981-bccb-59d580ab5798" for="icon-button-9279d6aa-82a1-4338-881c-5afe5c25cc54" popover="manual" data-direction="s" data-type="label" data-view-component="true" class="sr-only position-absolute">Dismiss alert</tool-tip>


  
</div>
    </div>

  <div id="start-of-content" class="show-on-focus"></div>








    <div id="js-flash-container" class="flash-container" data-turbo-replace>




  <template class="js-flash-template">
    
<div class="flash flash-full   {{ className }}">
  <div >
    <button autofocus class="flash-close js-flash-close" type="button" aria-label="Dismiss this message">
      <svg aria-hidden="true" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" data-view-component="true" class="octicon octicon-x">
    <path d="M3.72 3.72a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06 0L8 6.94l3.22-3.22a.749.749 0 0 1 1.275.326.749.749 0 0 1-.215.734L9.06 8l3.22 3.22a.749.749 0 0 1-.326 1.275.749.749 0 0 1-.734-.215L8 9.06l-3.22 3.22a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042L6.94 8 3.72 4.78a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.06Z"></path>
</svg>
    </button>
    <div aria-atomic="true" role="alert" class="js-flash-alert">
      
      <div>{{ message }}</div>

    </div>
  </div>
</div>
  </template>
</div>


    






  <div
    class="application-main "
    data-commit-hovercards-enabled
    data-discussion-hovercards-enabled
    data-issue-and-pr-hovercards-enabled
    data-project-hovercards-enabled
  >
        <div itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/SoftwareSourceCode" class="">
    <main id="js-repo-pjax-container" >
      
      
    

    






  
  <div id="repository-container-header"  class="pt-3 hide-full-screen" style="background-color: var(--page-header-bgColor, var(--color-page-header-bg));" data-turbo-replace>

      <div class="d-flex flex-nowrap flex-justify-end mb-3  px-3 px-lg-5" style="gap: 1rem;">

        <div class="flex-auto min-width-0 width-fit">
            
  <div class=" d-flex flex-wrap flex-items-center wb-break-word f3 text-normal">
      <svg aria-hidden="true" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" data-view-component="true" class="octicon octicon-repo color-fg-muted mr-2">
    <path d="M2 2.5A2.5 2.5 0 0 1 4.5 0h8.75a.75.75 0 0 1 .75.75v12.5a.75.75 0 0 1-.75.75h-2.5a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.5h1.75v-2h-8a1 1 0 0 0-.714 1.7.75.75 0 1 1-1.072 1.05A2.495 2.495 0 0 1 2 11.5Zm10.5-1h-8a1 1 0 0 0-1 1v6.708A2.486 2.486 0 0 1 4.5 9h8ZM5 12.25a.25.25 0 0 1 .25-.25h3.5a.25.25 0 0 1 .25.25v3.25a.25.25 0 0 1-.4.2l-1.45-1.087a.249.249 0 0 0-.3 0L5.4 15.7a.25.25 0 0 1-.4-.2Z"></path>
</svg>
    
    <span class="author flex-self-stretch" itemprop="author">
      <a class="url fn" rel="author" data-hovercard-type="organization" data-hovercard-url="/orgs/cplusplus/hovercard" data-octo-click="hovercard-link-click" data-octo-dimensions="link_type:self" href="/cplusplus">
        cplusplus
</a>    </span>
    <span class="mx-1 flex-self-stretch color-fg-muted">/</span>
    <strong itemprop="name" class="mr-2 flex-self-stretch">
      <a data-pjax="#repo-content-pjax-container" data-turbo-frame="repo-content-turbo-frame" href="/cplusplus/draft">draft</a>
    </strong>

    <span></span><span class="Label Label--secondary v-align-middle mr-1">Public</span>
  </div>


        </div>

        <div id="repository-details-container" class="flex-shrink-0" data-turbo-replace style="max-width: 70%;">
            <ul class="pagehead-actions flex-shrink-0 d-none d-md-inline" style="padding: 2px 0;">
    
      

  <li>
            <a href="/login?return_to=%2Fcplusplus%2Fdraft" rel="nofollow" id="repository-details-watch-button" data-hydro-click="{&quot;event_type&quot;:&quot;authentication.click&quot;,&quot;payload&quot;:{&quot;location_in_page&quot;:&quot;notification subscription menu watch&quot;,&quot;repository_id&quot;:null,&quot;auth_type&quot;:&quot;LOG_IN&quot;,&quot;originating_url&quot;:&quot;https://github.com/cplusplus/draft/issues/4863&quot;,&quot;user_id&quot;:null}}" data-hydro-click-hmac="2b046ee5ef3feb436c3f0394287107761b170060f350e1f311ae234326e40e09" aria-label="You must be signed in to change notification settings" data-view-component="true" class="btn-sm btn">    <svg aria-hidden="true" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" data-view-component="true" class="octicon octicon-bell mr-2">
    <path d="M8 16a2 2 0 0 0 1.985-1.75c.017-.137-.097-.25-.235-.25h-3.5c-.138 0-.252.113-.235.25A2 2 0 0 0 8 16ZM3 5a5 5 0 0 1 10 0v2.947c0 .05.015.098.042.139l1.703 2.555A1.519 1.519 0 0 1 13.482 13H2.518a1.516 1.516 0 0 1-1.263-2.36l1.703-2.554A.255.255 0 0 0 3 7.947Zm5-3.5A3.5 3.5 0 0 0 4.5 5v2.947c0 .346-.102.683-.294.97l-1.703 2.556a.017.017 0 0 0-.003.01l.001.006c0 .002.002.004.004.006l.006.004.007.001h10.964l.007-.001.006-.004.004-.006.001-.007a.017.017 0 0 0-.003-.01l-1.703-2.554a1.745 1.745 0 0 1-.294-.97V5A3.5 3.5 0 0 0 8 1.5Z"></path>
</svg>Notifications
</a>    <tool-tip id="tooltip-25368ecd-06b7-4a5e-9bdd-a7dfb751041f" for="repository-details-watch-button" popover="manual" data-direction="s" data-type="description" data-view-component="true" class="sr-only position-absolute">You must be signed in to change notification settings</tool-tip>

  </li>

  <li>
          <a icon="repo-forked" id="fork-button" href="/login?return_to=%2Fcplusplus%2Fdraft" rel="nofollow" data-hydro-click="{&quot;event_type&quot;:&quot;authentication.click&quot;,&quot;payload&quot;:{&quot;location_in_page&quot;:&quot;repo details fork button&quot;,&quot;repository_id&quot;:2216249,&quot;auth_type&quot;:&quot;LOG_IN&quot;,&quot;originating_url&quot;:&quot;https://github.com/cplusplus/draft/issues/4863&quot;,&quot;user_id&quot;:null}}" data-hydro-click-hmac="0fc8bffeaa358e19d863eb52236ea9b554d69b108a0bd848dced4f7b0c703403" data-view-component="true" class="btn-sm btn">    <svg aria-hidden="true" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" data-view-component="true" class="octicon octicon-repo-forked mr-2">
    <path d="M5 5.372v.878c0 .414.336.75.75.75h4.5a.75.75 0 0 0 .75-.75v-.878a2.25 2.25 0 1 1 1.5 0v.878a2.25 2.25 0 0 1-2.25 2.25h-1.5v2.128a2.251 2.251 0 1 1-1.5 0V8.5h-1.5A2.25 2.25 0 0 1 3.5 6.25v-.878a2.25 2.25 0 1 1 1.5 0ZM5 3.25a.75.75 0 1 0-1.5 0 .75.75 0 0 0 1.5 0Zm6.75.75a.75.75 0 1 0 0-1.5.75.75 0 0 0 0 1.5Zm-3 8.75a.75.75 0 1 0-1.5 0 .75.75 0 0 0 1.5 0Z"></path>
</svg>Fork
    <span id="repo-network-counter" data-pjax-replace="true" data-turbo-replace="true" title="793" data-view-component="true" class="Counter">793</span>
</a>
  </li>

  <li>
        <div data-view-component="true" class="BtnGroup d-flex">
        <a href="/login?return_to=%2Fcplusplus%2Fdraft" rel="nofollow" data-hydro-click="{&quot;event_type&quot;:&quot;authentication.click&quot;,&quot;payload&quot;:{&quot;location_in_page&quot;:&quot;star button&quot;,&quot;repository_id&quot;:2216249,&quot;auth_type&quot;:&quot;LOG_IN&quot;,&quot;originating_url&quot;:&quot;https://github.com/cplusplus/draft/issues/4863&quot;,&quot;user_id&quot;:null}}" data-hydro-click-hmac="90a2fb48f7a4d5e50848106186db24ab1273f5c3164221b73fed99dbf242191a" aria-label="You must be signed in to star a repository" data-view-component="true" class="tooltipped tooltipped-sw btn-sm btn">    <svg aria-hidden="true" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" data-view-component="true" class="octicon octicon-star v-align-text-bottom d-inline-block mr-2">
    <path d="M8 .25a.75.75 0 0 1 .673.418l1.882 3.815 4.21.612a.75.75 0 0 1 .416 1.279l-3.046 2.97.719 4.192a.751.751 0 0 1-1.088.791L8 12.347l-3.766 1.98a.75.75 0 0 1-1.088-.79l.72-4.194L.818 6.374a.75.75 0 0 1 .416-1.28l4.21-.611L7.327.668A.75.75 0 0 1 8 .25Zm0 2.445L6.615 5.5a.75.75 0 0 1-.564.41l-3.097.45 2.24 2.184a.75.75 0 0 1 .216.664l-.528 3.084 2.769-1.456a.75.75 0 0 1 .698 0l2.77 1.456-.53-3.084a.75.75 0 0 1 .216-.664l2.24-2.183-3.096-.45a.75.75 0 0 1-.564-.41L8 2.694Z"></path>
</svg><span data-view-component="true" class="d-inline">
          Star
</span>          <span id="repo-stars-counter-star" aria-label="5938 users starred this repository" data-singular-suffix="user starred this repository" data-plural-suffix="users starred this repository" data-turbo-replace="true" title="5,938" data-view-component="true" class="Counter js-social-count">5.9k</span>
</a></div>
  </li>

</ul>

        </div>
      </div>

        <div id="responsive-meta-container" data-turbo-replace>
</div>


          <nav data-pjax="#js-repo-pjax-container" aria-label="Repository" data-view-component="true" class="js-repo-nav js-sidenav-container-pjax js-responsive-underlinenav overflow-hidden UnderlineNav px-3 px-md-4 px-lg-5">

  <ul data-view-component="true" class="UnderlineNav-body list-style-none">
      <li data-view-component="true" class="d-inline-flex">
  <a id="code-tab" href="/cplusplus/draft" data-tab-item="i0code-tab" data-selected-links="repo_source repo_downloads repo_commits repo_releases repo_tags repo_branches repo_packages repo_deployments repo_attestations /cplusplus/draft" data-pjax="#repo-content-pjax-container" data-turbo-frame="repo-content-turbo-frame" data-hotkey="g c" data-analytics-event="{&quot;category&quot;:&quot;Underline navbar&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:&quot;Click tab&quot;,&quot;label&quot;:&quot;Code&quot;,&quot;target&quot;:&quot;UNDERLINE_NAV.TAB&quot;}" data-view-component="true" class="UnderlineNav-item no-wrap js-responsive-underlinenav-item js-selected-navigation-item">
    
              <svg aria-hidden="true" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" data-view-component="true" class="octicon octicon-code UnderlineNav-octicon d-none d-sm-inline">
    <path d="m11.28 3.22 4.25 4.25a.75.75 0 0 1 0 1.06l-4.25 4.25a.749.749 0 0 1-1.275-.326.749.749 0 0 1 .215-.734L13.94 8l-3.72-3.72a.749.749 0 0 1 .326-1.275.749.749 0 0 1 .734.215Zm-6.56 0a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042L2.06 8l3.72 3.72a.749.749 0 0 1-.326 1.275.749.749 0 0 1-.734-.215L.47 8.53a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.06Z"></path>
</svg>
        <span data-content="Code">Code</span>
          <span id="code-repo-tab-count" data-pjax-replace="" data-turbo-replace="" title="Not available" data-view-component="true" class="Counter"></span>


    
</a></li>
      <li data-view-component="true" class="d-inline-flex">
  <a id="issues-tab" href="/cplusplus/draft/issues" data-tab-item="i1issues-tab" data-selected-links="repo_issues repo_labels repo_milestones /cplusplus/draft/issues" data-pjax="#repo-content-pjax-container" data-turbo-frame="repo-content-turbo-frame" data-hotkey="g i" data-analytics-event="{&quot;category&quot;:&quot;Underline navbar&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:&quot;Click tab&quot;,&quot;label&quot;:&quot;Issues&quot;,&quot;target&quot;:&quot;UNDERLINE_NAV.TAB&quot;}" aria-current="page" data-view-component="true" class="UnderlineNav-item no-wrap js-responsive-underlinenav-item js-selected-navigation-item selected">
    
              <svg aria-hidden="true" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" data-view-component="true" class="octicon octicon-issue-opened UnderlineNav-octicon d-none d-sm-inline">
    <path d="M8 9.5a1.5 1.5 0 1 0 0-3 1.5 1.5 0 0 0 0 3Z"></path><path d="M8 0a8 8 0 1 1 0 16A8 8 0 0 1 8 0ZM1.5 8a6.5 6.5 0 1 0 13 0 6.5 6.5 0 0 0-13 0Z"></path>
</svg>
        <span data-content="Issues">Issues</span>
          <span id="issues-repo-tab-count" data-pjax-replace="" data-turbo-replace="" title="685" data-view-component="true" class="Counter">685</span>


    
</a></li>
      <li data-view-component="true" class="d-inline-flex">
  <a id="pull-requests-tab" href="/cplusplus/draft/pulls" data-tab-item="i2pull-requests-tab" data-selected-links="repo_pulls checks /cplusplus/draft/pulls" data-pjax="#repo-content-pjax-container" data-turbo-frame="repo-content-turbo-frame" data-hotkey="g p" data-analytics-event="{&quot;category&quot;:&quot;Underline navbar&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:&quot;Click tab&quot;,&quot;label&quot;:&quot;Pull requests&quot;,&quot;target&quot;:&quot;UNDERLINE_NAV.TAB&quot;}" data-view-component="true" class="UnderlineNav-item no-wrap js-responsive-underlinenav-item js-selected-navigation-item">
    
              <svg aria-hidden="true" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" data-view-component="true" class="octicon octicon-git-pull-request UnderlineNav-octicon d-none d-sm-inline">
    <path d="M1.5 3.25a2.25 2.25 0 1 1 3 2.122v5.256a2.251 2.251 0 1 1-1.5 0V5.372A2.25 2.25 0 0 1 1.5 3.25Zm5.677-.177L9.573.677A.25.25 0 0 1 10 .854V2.5h1A2.5 2.5 0 0 1 13.5 5v5.628a2.251 2.251 0 1 1-1.5 0V5a1 1 0 0 0-1-1h-1v1.646a.25.25 0 0 1-.427.177L7.177 3.427a.25.25 0 0 1 0-.354ZM3.75 2.5a.75.75 0 1 0 0 1.5.75.75 0 0 0 0-1.5Zm0 9.5a.75.75 0 1 0 0 1.5.75.75 0 0 0 0-1.5Zm8.25.75a.75.75 0 1 0 1.5 0 .75.75 0 0 0-1.5 0Z"></path>
</svg>
        <span data-content="Pull requests">Pull requests</span>
          <span id="pull-requests-repo-tab-count" data-pjax-replace="" data-turbo-replace="" title="298" data-view-component="true" class="Counter">298</span>


    
</a></li>
      <li data-view-component="true" class="d-inline-flex">
  <a id="actions-tab" href="/cplusplus/draft/actions" data-tab-item="i3actions-tab" data-selected-links="repo_actions /cplusplus/draft/actions" data-pjax="#repo-content-pjax-container" data-turbo-frame="repo-content-turbo-frame" data-hotkey="g a" data-analytics-event="{&quot;category&quot;:&quot;Underline navbar&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:&quot;Click tab&quot;,&quot;label&quot;:&quot;Actions&quot;,&quot;target&quot;:&quot;UNDERLINE_NAV.TAB&quot;}" data-view-component="true" class="UnderlineNav-item no-wrap js-responsive-underlinenav-item js-selected-navigation-item">
    
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These are _not_ thrown by the constructor nor during the construction of the object (after its construction has begun ([[class.cdtor] p1](https://eel.is/c++draft/class.cdtor))).\r\n\r\nImplying that the initialization of the constructor's parameter are part of the effects for which exceptions are propagated can be done with these changes:\r\n- \"Any exception thrown by \u003cins\u003ecalling\u003c/ins\u003e the (selected) constructor of `T`.\r\n- \"Any exception thrown by the ~~construction~~\u003cins\u003einitialization\u003c/ins\u003e of {`T`,_some object_}\".\r\n\r\nThe former is already present in the standard, as exemplified below. As for the latter (emphasis mine),\r\n\u003e The process of initialization described in [dcl.init] applies to all initializations regardless of syntactic context, **including the initialization of a function parameter ([expr.call])**, the initialization of a return value ([stmt.return]), or when an initializer follows a declarator.\r\n\u003e -- https://eel.is/c++draft/dcl.init p1\r\n\r\n# Examples\r\n\r\n### Example, good\r\n\r\n\u003e Constructors and member functions of pair do not throw exceptions unless one of the element-wise operations specified to be called for that operation throws an exception. -- https://eel.is/c++draft/pairs.pair#1\r\n\r\nTalking in terms of operations includes initialization.\r\n\r\n### Example, bad\r\n\r\n\u003e For each tuple constructor, an exception is thrown only if the construction of one of the types in Types throws an exception. -- https://eel.is/c++draft/tuple.cnstr#2\r\n\r\nWe can make a `tuple` constructor throw an exception other than by constructing one of the specified types: https://godbolt.org/z/enGThMq4P.\r\n```C++\r\n#include \u003ctuple\u003e\r\nstruct X { X(int) { } };\r\nstruct Y { operator int() { throw 0; } };\r\nint main() { std::tuple\u003cX\u003e(Y{}); }\r\n```\r\nAs described at the top, this throws before beginning the construction of an `X` subobject.\r\n\r\nDo note that the constructor above is described to initialize:\r\n\u003e Effects: Initializes the elements in the tuple with the corresponding value in std​::​forward\u003cUTypes\u003e(u). -- https://eel.is/c++draft/tuple.cnstr#13\r\n\r\nOne could argue that [tuple.cnstr] doesn't say \"if and only if\". That just leaves in the air what happens in this case.\r\n\r\n### Example, good\r\n\r\n\u003e Throws: Any exception thrown by the initialization of the selected alternative Tj. -- https://eel.is/c++draft/variant.ctor#18\r\n\u003e Throws: Any exception thrown by calling the selected constructor of T. -- https://eel.is/c++draft/variant.ctor#23","author":{"url":"https://github.com/JohelEGP","@type":"Person","name":"JohelEGP"},"datePublished":"2021-09-04T03:44:50.000Z","interactionStatistic":{"@type":"InteractionCounter","interactionType":"https://schema.org/CommentAction","userInteractionCount":18},"url":"https://github.com/4863/draft/issues/4863"},"preloadedQueries":[{"queryId":"cee21fcf82c877ad153a2db35b36eb94","queryName":"IssueViewerViewQuery","variables":{"count":15,"id":"repository","number":4863,"owner":"cplusplus","repo":"draft"},"result":{"data":{"repository":{"isOwnerEnterpriseManaged":false,"issue":{"id":"MDU6SXNzdWU5ODgyMDEwNDM=","updatedAt":"2021-11-14T19:39:06Z","title":"[lib] Extend exception propagation to cover the initialization LWG3640","number":4863,"repository":{"nameWithOwner":"cplusplus/draft","id":"MDEwOlJlcG9zaXRvcnkyMjE2MjQ5","name":"draft","owner":{"__typename":"Organization","login":"cplusplus","id":"MDEyOk9yZ2FuaXphdGlvbjU5Mjc2","url":"https://github.com/cplusplus","databaseId":59276},"isArchived":false,"isPrivate":false,"databaseId":2216249,"slashCommandsEnabled":false,"visibility":"PUBLIC","viewerCanPush":false,"viewerCanInteract":false,"viewerInteractionLimitReasonHTML":"","planFeatures":{"maximumAssignees":10},"isCopilotAgentEnabled":null,"pinnedIssues":{"totalCount":0},"viewerCanPinIssues":false,"viewerIssueCreationPermissions":{"triageable":false},"issueTypes":{"edges":[{"node":{"id":"IT_kwDN54zOAAFvmw"}},{"node":{"id":"IT_kwDN54zOAAFvnQ"}},{"node":{"id":"IT_kwDN54zOAAFvog"}}]}},"titleHTML":"[lib] Extend exception propagation to cover the initialization LWG3640","url":"https://github.com/cplusplus/draft/issues/4863","viewerCanUpdateNext":false,"issueType":null,"state":"OPEN","stateReason":null,"duplicateOf":null,"linkedPullRequests":{"nodes":[{"repository":{"nameWithOwner":"cplusplus/draft","id":"MDEwOlJlcG9zaXRvcnkyMjE2MjQ5","name":"draft","owner":{"__typename":"Organization","login":"cplusplus","id":"MDEyOk9yZ2FuaXphdGlvbjU5Mjc2"}},"state":"OPEN","isDraft":false,"url":"https://github.com/cplusplus/draft/pull/4869","number":4869,"id":"MDExOlB1bGxSZXF1ZXN0NzI3NTQ0NzY3"}]},"subIssuesSummary":{"total":0,"completed":0},"__isLabelable":"Issue","labels":{"edges":[{"node":{"id":"MDU6TGFiZWwzNTk1OTA3MA==","color":"e10c02","name":"big","nameHTML":"big","description":"An issue causing a large set of changes, scattered across most of the text.","url":"https://github.com/cplusplus/draft/labels/big","__typename":"Label"},"cursor":"MQ"},{"node":{"id":"MDU6TGFiZWw1NzY5ODg1NA==","color":"bfd4f2","name":"lwg","nameHTML":"lwg","description":"Issue must be reviewed by LWG.","url":"https://github.com/cplusplus/draft/labels/lwg","__typename":"Label"},"cursor":"Mg"},{"node":{"id":"MDU6TGFiZWw4NzA3NzYxOTM=","color":"4bd8cf","name":"not-editorial","nameHTML":"not-editorial","description":"Issue is not deemed editorial; the editorial issue is kept open for tracking.","url":"https://github.com/cplusplus/draft/labels/not-editorial","__typename":"Label"},"cursor":"Mw"}],"pageInfo":{"endCursor":"Mw","hasNextPage":false}},"__isNode":"Issue","assignedActors":{"nodes":[{"__typename":"User","__isActor":"User","id":"MDQ6VXNlcjIxMDcxNzg3","login":"JohelEGP","name":"Johel Ernesto Guerrero Peña","profileResourcePath":"/JohelEGP","avatarUrl":"https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/21071787?s=64\u0026u=2d10155adf06f49c7ac40edb24419058b2dc1834\u0026v=4","__isNode":"User"}]},"milestone":null,"databaseId":988201043,"viewerDidAuthor":false,"locked":false,"author":{"__typename":"User","__isActor":"User","login":"JohelEGP","id":"MDQ6VXNlcjIxMDcxNzg3","profileUrl":"https://github.com/JohelEGP","avatarUrl":"https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/21071787?u=2d10155adf06f49c7ac40edb24419058b2dc1834\u0026v=4"},"__isComment":"Issue","body":"# Problem and solution\r\n\r\nThe wording for the specification of facilities that propagate exceptions inadvertently exclude some cases of thrown exceptions. The ones I've identified have the form \"any exception thrown by the {(selected) constructor,construction} of {`T`,_some object_}\". This formulation excludes exceptions thrown by the initialization of the constructor's parameters ([[expr.call] p7](https://eel.is/c++draft/expr.call#7)). These are _not_ thrown by the constructor nor during the construction of the object (after its construction has begun ([[class.cdtor] p1](https://eel.is/c++draft/class.cdtor))).\r\n\r\nImplying that the initialization of the constructor's parameter are part of the effects for which exceptions are propagated can be done with these changes:\r\n- \"Any exception thrown by \u003cins\u003ecalling\u003c/ins\u003e the (selected) constructor of `T`.\r\n- \"Any exception thrown by the ~~construction~~\u003cins\u003einitialization\u003c/ins\u003e of {`T`,_some object_}\".\r\n\r\nThe former is already present in the standard, as exemplified below. As for the latter (emphasis mine),\r\n\u003e The process of initialization described in [dcl.init] applies to all initializations regardless of syntactic context, **including the initialization of a function parameter ([expr.call])**, the initialization of a return value ([stmt.return]), or when an initializer follows a declarator.\r\n\u003e -- https://eel.is/c++draft/dcl.init p1\r\n\r\n# Examples\r\n\r\n### Example, good\r\n\r\n\u003e Constructors and member functions of pair do not throw exceptions unless one of the element-wise operations specified to be called for that operation throws an exception. -- https://eel.is/c++draft/pairs.pair#1\r\n\r\nTalking in terms of operations includes initialization.\r\n\r\n### Example, bad\r\n\r\n\u003e For each tuple constructor, an exception is thrown only if the construction of one of the types in Types throws an exception. -- https://eel.is/c++draft/tuple.cnstr#2\r\n\r\nWe can make a `tuple` constructor throw an exception other than by constructing one of the specified types: https://godbolt.org/z/enGThMq4P.\r\n```C++\r\n#include \u003ctuple\u003e\r\nstruct X { X(int) { } };\r\nstruct Y { operator int() { throw 0; } };\r\nint main() { std::tuple\u003cX\u003e(Y{}); }\r\n```\r\nAs described at the top, this throws before beginning the construction of an `X` subobject.\r\n\r\nDo note that the constructor above is described to initialize:\r\n\u003e Effects: Initializes the elements in the tuple with the corresponding value in std​::​forward\u003cUTypes\u003e(u). -- https://eel.is/c++draft/tuple.cnstr#13\r\n\r\nOne could argue that [tuple.cnstr] doesn't say \"if and only if\". That just leaves in the air what happens in this case.\r\n\r\n### Example, good\r\n\r\n\u003e Throws: Any exception thrown by the initialization of the selected alternative Tj. -- https://eel.is/c++draft/variant.ctor#18\r\n\u003e Throws: Any exception thrown by calling the selected constructor of T. -- https://eel.is/c++draft/variant.ctor#23","bodyHTML":"\u003ch1 dir=\"auto\"\u003eProblem and solution\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eThe wording for the specification of facilities that propagate exceptions inadvertently exclude some cases of thrown exceptions. The ones I've identified have the form \"any exception thrown by the {(selected) constructor,construction} of {\u003ccode class=\"notranslate\"\u003eT\u003c/code\u003e,\u003cem\u003esome object\u003c/em\u003e}\". This formulation excludes exceptions thrown by the initialization of the constructor's parameters (\u003ca href=\"https://eel.is/c++draft/expr.call#7\" rel=\"nofollow\"\u003e[expr.call] p7\u003c/a\u003e). These are \u003cem\u003enot\u003c/em\u003e thrown by the constructor nor during the construction of the object (after its construction has begun (\u003ca href=\"https://eel.is/c++draft/class.cdtor\" rel=\"nofollow\"\u003e[class.cdtor] p1\u003c/a\u003e)).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eImplying that the initialization of the constructor's parameter are part of the effects for which exceptions are propagated can be done with these changes:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul dir=\"auto\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\"Any exception thrown by \u003cins\u003ecalling\u003c/ins\u003e the (selected) constructor of \u003ccode class=\"notranslate\"\u003eT\u003c/code\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\"Any exception thrown by the \u003cdel\u003econstruction\u003c/del\u003e\u003cins\u003einitialization\u003c/ins\u003e of {\u003ccode class=\"notranslate\"\u003eT\u003c/code\u003e,\u003cem\u003esome object\u003c/em\u003e}\".\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eThe former is already present in the standard, as exemplified below. As for the latter (emphasis mine),\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eThe process of initialization described in [dcl.init] applies to all initializations regardless of syntactic context, \u003cstrong\u003eincluding the initialization of a function parameter ([expr.call])\u003c/strong\u003e, the initialization of a return value ([stmt.return]), or when an initializer follows a declarator.\u003cbr\u003e\n-- \u003ca href=\"https://eel.is/c++draft/dcl.init\" rel=\"nofollow\"\u003ehttps://eel.is/c++draft/dcl.init\u003c/a\u003e p1\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003ch1 dir=\"auto\"\u003eExamples\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003ch3 dir=\"auto\"\u003eExample, good\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eConstructors and member functions of pair do not throw exceptions unless one of the element-wise operations specified to be called for that operation throws an exception. -- \u003ca href=\"https://eel.is/c++draft/pairs.pair#1\" rel=\"nofollow\"\u003ehttps://eel.is/c++draft/pairs.pair#1\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eTalking in terms of operations includes initialization.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 dir=\"auto\"\u003eExample, bad\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eFor each tuple constructor, an exception is thrown only if the construction of one of the types in Types throws an exception. -- \u003ca href=\"https://eel.is/c++draft/tuple.cnstr#2\" rel=\"nofollow\"\u003ehttps://eel.is/c++draft/tuple.cnstr#2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eWe can make a \u003ccode class=\"notranslate\"\u003etuple\u003c/code\u003e constructor throw an exception other than by constructing one of the specified types: \u003ca href=\"https://godbolt.org/z/enGThMq4P\" rel=\"nofollow\"\u003ehttps://godbolt.org/z/enGThMq4P\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight highlight-source-c++ notranslate position-relative overflow-auto\" dir=\"auto\" data-snippet-clipboard-copy-content=\"#include \u0026lt;tuple\u0026gt;\nstruct X { X(int) { } };\nstruct Y { operator int() { throw 0; } };\nint main() { std::tuple\u0026lt;X\u0026gt;(Y{}); }\"\u003e\u003cpre class=\"notranslate\"\u003e#\u003cspan class=\"pl-k\"\u003einclude\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"pl-s\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"pl-pds\"\u003e\u0026lt;\u003c/span\u003etuple\u003cspan class=\"pl-pds\"\u003e\u0026gt;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003cspan class=\"pl-k\"\u003estruct\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"pl-en\"\u003eX\u003c/span\u003e { X(\u003cspan class=\"pl-k\"\u003eint\u003c/span\u003e) { } };\n\u003cspan class=\"pl-k\"\u003estruct\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"pl-en\"\u003eY\u003c/span\u003e { \u003cspan class=\"pl-k\"\u003eoperator\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"pl-en\"\u003eint\u003c/span\u003e() { \u003cspan class=\"pl-k\"\u003ethrow\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"pl-c1\"\u003e0\u003c/span\u003e; } };\n\u003cspan class=\"pl-k\"\u003eint\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"pl-en\"\u003emain\u003c/span\u003e() { std::tuple\u0026lt;X\u0026gt;(Y{}); }\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eAs described at the top, this throws before beginning the construction of an \u003ccode class=\"notranslate\"\u003eX\u003c/code\u003e subobject.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eDo note that the constructor above is described to initialize:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eEffects: Initializes the elements in the tuple with the corresponding value in std​::​forward(u). -- \u003ca href=\"https://eel.is/c++draft/tuple.cnstr#13\" rel=\"nofollow\"\u003ehttps://eel.is/c++draft/tuple.cnstr#13\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eOne could argue that [tuple.cnstr] doesn't say \"if and only if\". That just leaves in the air what happens in this case.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch3 dir=\"auto\"\u003eExample, good\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eThrows: Any exception thrown by the initialization of the selected alternative Tj. -- \u003ca href=\"https://eel.is/c++draft/variant.ctor#18\" rel=\"nofollow\"\u003ehttps://eel.is/c++draft/variant.ctor#18\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nThrows: Any exception thrown by calling the selected constructor of T. -- \u003ca href=\"https://eel.is/c++draft/variant.ctor#23\" rel=\"nofollow\"\u003ehttps://eel.is/c++draft/variant.ctor#23\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e","bodyVersion":"2becb244dae6c206fb41c41bca63d343f649da744543bad1dbf1eafb028bab3d","createdAt":"2021-09-04T03:44:50Z","__isReactable":"Issue","reactionGroups":[{"content":"THUMBS_UP","viewerHasReacted":false,"reactors":{"totalCount":0,"nodes":[]}},{"content":"THUMBS_DOWN","viewerHasReacted":false,"reactors":{"totalCount":0,"nodes":[]}},{"content":"LAUGH","viewerHasReacted":false,"reactors":{"totalCount":0,"nodes":[]}},{"content":"HOORAY","viewerHasReacted":false,"reactors":{"totalCount":0,"nodes":[]}},{"content":"CONFUSED","viewerHasReacted":false,"reactors":{"totalCount":0,"nodes":[]}},{"content":"HEART","viewerHasReacted":false,"reactors":{"totalCount":0,"nodes":[]}},{"content":"ROCKET","viewerHasReacted":false,"reactors":{"totalCount":0,"nodes":[]}},{"content":"EYES","viewerHasReacted":false,"reactors":{"totalCount":0,"nodes":[]}}],"viewerCanUpdateMetadata":false,"viewerCanComment":false,"viewerCanAssign":false,"viewerCanLabel":false,"__isIssueOrPullRequest":"Issue","projectItemsNext":{"edges":[],"pageInfo":{"endCursor":null,"hasNextPage":false}},"viewerCanSetMilestone":false,"isPinned":false,"viewerCanDelete":false,"viewerCanTransfer":false,"viewerCanConvertToDiscussion":false,"viewerCanLock":false,"viewerCanType":false,"viewerCanSetFields":false,"issueFieldValues":{"nodes":[]},"frontTimelineItems":{"pageInfo":{"hasNextPage":true,"endCursor":"Y3Vyc29yOnYyOpPPAAABe7kEe-ACqjExMzM3NDk2Mzg="},"totalCount":26,"edges":[{"node":{"__typename":"RenamedTitleEvent","__isIssueTimelineItems":"RenamedTitleEvent","__isTimelineEvent":"RenamedTitleEvent","databaseId":5256042784,"createdAt":"2021-09-04T03:54:37Z","actor":{"__typename":"User","login":"JohelEGP","id":"MDQ6VXNlcjIxMDcxNzg3","__isActor":"User","avatarUrl":"https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/21071787?s=64\u0026u=2d10155adf06f49c7ac40edb24419058b2dc1834\u0026v=4","profileResourcePath":"/JohelEGP"},"currentTitle":"[lib] Extend exception propagation to cover the initialization","previousTitle":"[lib] Extend exception propagation to cover the whole call","__isNode":"RenamedTitleEvent","id":"RTE_lADOACHROc465sBTzwAAAAE5SNkg"},"cursor":"Y3Vyc29yOnYyOpPPAAABe67xpEgBqjUyNTYwNDI3ODQ="},{"node":{"__typename":"IssueComment","__isIssueTimelineItems":"IssueComment","databaseId":912921390,"viewerDidAuthor":false,"issue":{"author":{"__typename":"User","login":"JohelEGP","id":"MDQ6VXNlcjIxMDcxNzg3"},"id":"MDU6SXNzdWU5ODgyMDEwNDM=","number":4863,"locked":false,"databaseId":988201043},"author":{"__typename":"User","login":"jensmaurer","avatarUrl":"https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/23412755?v=4","profileUrl":"https://github.com/jensmaurer","id":"MDQ6VXNlcjIzNDEyNzU1"},"id":"IC_kwDOACHROc42ahMu","body":"I agree with the problem statement.\r\n\r\nRegarding the solutions offered, phrasing this in terms of initialization seems preferable, because it also covers the case where there is no constructor (e.g. for built-in types).\r\n\r\nIs there a full list of offending wording somewhere?","bodyHTML":"\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eI agree with the problem statement.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eRegarding the solutions offered, phrasing this in terms of initialization seems preferable, because it also covers the case where there is no constructor (e.g. for built-in types).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eIs there a full list of offending wording somewhere?\u003c/p\u003e","bodyVersion":"1719c71b69bd838e91618be67d81d33509413638ffaf29ebf6aa3083944bcd80","viewerCanUpdate":false,"url":"https://github.com/cplusplus/draft/issues/4863#issuecomment-912921390","createdAt":"2021-09-04T06:49:11Z","authorAssociation":"MEMBER","viewerCanDelete":false,"viewerCanMinimize":false,"viewerCanUnminimize":false,"viewerCanReport":false,"viewerCanReportToMaintainer":false,"viewerCanBlockFromOrg":false,"viewerCanUnblockFromOrg":false,"viaApp":null,"isHidden":false,"minimizedReason":null,"showSpammyBadge":false,"createdViaEmail":false,"authorToRepoOwnerSponsorship":null,"repository":{"id":"MDEwOlJlcG9zaXRvcnkyMjE2MjQ5","name":"draft","owner":{"__typename":"Organization","id":"MDEyOk9yZ2FuaXphdGlvbjU5Mjc2","login":"cplusplus","url":"https://github.com/cplusplus"},"isPrivate":false,"slashCommandsEnabled":false,"nameWithOwner":"cplusplus/draft","databaseId":2216249},"__isComment":"IssueComment","viewerCanReadUserContentEdits":true,"lastEditedAt":"2021-09-04T06:49:35Z","lastUserContentEdit":{"editor":{"__typename":"User","url":"https://github.com/jensmaurer","login":"jensmaurer","id":"MDQ6VXNlcjIzNDEyNzU1"},"id":"MDE1OlVzZXJDb250ZW50RWRpdElzc3VlQ29tbWVudEVkaXQ6NDk0ODM2MTA1"},"__isReactable":"IssueComment","reactionGroups":[{"content":"THUMBS_UP","viewerHasReacted":false,"reactors":{"totalCount":0,"nodes":[]}},{"content":"THUMBS_DOWN","viewerHasReacted":false,"reactors":{"totalCount":0,"nodes":[]}},{"content":"LAUGH","viewerHasReacted":false,"reactors":{"totalCount":0,"nodes":[]}},{"content":"HOORAY","viewerHasReacted":false,"reactors":{"totalCount":0,"nodes":[]}},{"content":"CONFUSED","viewerHasReacted":false,"reactors":{"totalCount":0,"nodes":[]}},{"content":"HEART","viewerHasReacted":false,"reactors":{"totalCount":0,"nodes":[]}},{"content":"ROCKET","viewerHasReacted":false,"reactors":{"totalCount":0,"nodes":[]}},{"content":"EYES","viewerHasReacted":false,"reactors":{"totalCount":0,"nodes":[]}}],"__isNode":"IssueComment"},"cursor":"Y3Vyc29yOnYyOpPPAAABe6-RdlgAqTkxMjkyMTM5MA=="},{"node":{"__typename":"LabeledEvent","__isIssueTimelineItems":"LabeledEvent","__isTimelineEvent":"LabeledEvent","databaseId":5256161518,"createdAt":"2021-09-04T06:49:40Z","actor":{"__typename":"User","login":"jensmaurer","id":"MDQ6VXNlcjIzNDEyNzU1","__isActor":"User","avatarUrl":"https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/23412755?s=64\u0026v=4","profileResourcePath":"/jensmaurer"},"label":{"id":"MDU6TGFiZWwzNTk1OTA3MA==","nameHTML":"big","name":"big","color":"e10c02","description":"An issue causing a large set of changes, scattered across most of the text."},"__isNode":"LabeledEvent","id":"LE_lADOACHROc465sBTzwAAAAE5Sqju"},"cursor":"Y3Vyc29yOnYyOpPPAAABe6-R56ABqjUyNTYxNjE1MTg="},{"node":{"__typename":"IssueComment","__isIssueTimelineItems":"IssueComment","databaseId":912992350,"viewerDidAuthor":false,"issue":{"author":{"__typename":"User","login":"JohelEGP","id":"MDQ6VXNlcjIxMDcxNzg3"},"id":"MDU6SXNzdWU5ODgyMDEwNDM=","number":4863,"locked":false,"databaseId":988201043},"author":{"__typename":"User","login":"JohelEGP","avatarUrl":"https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/21071787?u=2d10155adf06f49c7ac40edb24419058b2dc1834\u0026v=4","profileUrl":"https://github.com/JohelEGP","id":"MDQ6VXNlcjIxMDcxNzg3"},"id":"IC_kwDOACHROc42ayhe","body":"I, too, prefer initialization, if at least for uniformity. But I believe the change is big enough, so inserting \"calling\" could be a first step. Unless the initialization of fundamental types are allowed to throw exceptions, this would not be wrong. But it would require saying \"if any\" to account for when there's no actual constructor involved ([which can also apply to class types](https://eel.is/c++draft/dcl.init.general#19.sentence-1)).\r\n\r\nThere's no full list. I found this problem while searching for \"exception\" in the library. But for the case of exception propagation, the actual suspects (so far) are uses of \"constructor\" and \"construction\". More generally, it's the reference to particular steps of initialization, when the intention is to refer to the initialization itself.\r\n\r\nFeel free to assign this to me.","bodyHTML":"\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eI, too, prefer initialization, if at least for uniformity. But I believe the change is big enough, so inserting \"calling\" could be a first step. Unless the initialization of fundamental types are allowed to throw exceptions, this would not be wrong. But it would require saying \"if any\" to account for when there's no actual constructor involved (\u003ca href=\"https://eel.is/c++draft/dcl.init.general#19.sentence-1\" rel=\"nofollow\"\u003ewhich can also apply to class types\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eThere's no full list. I found this problem while searching for \"exception\" in the library. But for the case of exception propagation, the actual suspects (so far) are uses of \"constructor\" and \"construction\". More generally, it's the reference to particular steps of initialization, when the intention is to refer to the initialization itself.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eFeel free to assign this to me.\u003c/p\u003e","bodyVersion":"4ceb622b22bf95814c52a5557af6be21c8b3eb29bbc1300ec74e267445781559","viewerCanUpdate":false,"url":"https://github.com/cplusplus/draft/issues/4863#issuecomment-912992350","createdAt":"2021-09-04T15:31:42Z","authorAssociation":"CONTRIBUTOR","viewerCanDelete":false,"viewerCanMinimize":false,"viewerCanUnminimize":false,"viewerCanReport":false,"viewerCanReportToMaintainer":false,"viewerCanBlockFromOrg":false,"viewerCanUnblockFromOrg":false,"viaApp":null,"isHidden":false,"minimizedReason":null,"showSpammyBadge":false,"createdViaEmail":false,"authorToRepoOwnerSponsorship":null,"repository":{"id":"MDEwOlJlcG9zaXRvcnkyMjE2MjQ5","name":"draft","owner":{"__typename":"Organization","id":"MDEyOk9yZ2FuaXphdGlvbjU5Mjc2","login":"cplusplus","url":"https://github.com/cplusplus"},"isPrivate":false,"slashCommandsEnabled":false,"nameWithOwner":"cplusplus/draft","databaseId":2216249},"__isComment":"IssueComment","viewerCanReadUserContentEdits":true,"lastEditedAt":null,"lastUserContentEdit":null,"__isReactable":"IssueComment","reactionGroups":[{"content":"THUMBS_UP","viewerHasReacted":false,"reactors":{"totalCount":0,"nodes":[]}},{"content":"THUMBS_DOWN","viewerHasReacted":false,"reactors":{"totalCount":0,"nodes":[]}},{"content":"LAUGH","viewerHasReacted":false,"reactors":{"totalCount":0,"nodes":[]}},{"content":"HOORAY","viewerHasReacted":false,"reactors":{"totalCount":0,"nodes":[]}},{"content":"CONFUSED","viewerHasReacted":false,"reactors":{"totalCount":0,"nodes":[]}},{"content":"HEART","viewerHasReacted":false,"reactors":{"totalCount":0,"nodes":[]}},{"content":"ROCKET","viewerHasReacted":false,"reactors":{"totalCount":0,"nodes":[]}},{"content":"EYES","viewerHasReacted":false,"reactors":{"totalCount":0,"nodes":[]}}],"__isNode":"IssueComment"},"cursor":"Y3Vyc29yOnYyOpPPAAABe7Fv1zAAqTkxMjk5MjM1MA=="},{"node":{"__typename":"AssignedEvent","__isIssueTimelineItems":"AssignedEvent","__isTimelineEvent":"AssignedEvent","databaseId":5256750633,"createdAt":"2021-09-04T18:55:57Z","actor":{"__typename":"User","login":"jensmaurer","id":"MDQ6VXNlcjIzNDEyNzU1","__isActor":"User","avatarUrl":"https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/23412755?s=64\u0026v=4","profileResourcePath":"/jensmaurer"},"assignee":{"__typename":"User","id":"MDQ6VXNlcjIxMDcxNzg3","__isNode":"User","__isActor":"User","login":"JohelEGP","resourcePath":"/JohelEGP"},"__isNode":"AssignedEvent","id":"AE_lADOACHROc465sBTzwAAAAE5U6Yp"},"cursor":"Y3Vyc29yOnYyOpPPAAABe7Iq1kgBqjUyNTY3NTA2MzM="},{"node":{"__typename":"IssueComment","__isIssueTimelineItems":"IssueComment","databaseId":913050487,"viewerDidAuthor":false,"issue":{"author":{"__typename":"User","login":"JohelEGP","id":"MDQ6VXNlcjIxMDcxNzg3"},"id":"MDU6SXNzdWU5ODgyMDEwNDM=","number":4863,"locked":false,"databaseId":988201043},"author":{"__typename":"User","login":"JohelEGP","avatarUrl":"https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/21071787?u=2d10155adf06f49c7ac40edb24419058b2dc1834\u0026v=4","profileUrl":"https://github.com/JohelEGP","id":"MDQ6VXNlcjIxMDcxNzg3"},"id":"IC_kwDOACHROc42bAt3","body":"\u003e If an exception is thrown during the call to \\tcode{T}'s copy assignment,\r\nthe state of its contained value is as defined by the exception safety guarantee of \\tcode{T}'s copy assignment. -- https://eel.is/c++draft/optional#assign-7.sentence-3\r\n\u003e This operator is defined as deleted unless\r\n\\tcode{is_copy_constructible_v\u003cT\u003e} is \\tcode{true} and\r\n\\tcode{is_copy_assignable_v\u003cT\u003e} is \\tcode{true}. -- https://eel.is/c++draft/optional#assign-7.sentence-4\r\n\r\nThis does not require `T` to meet the [_Cpp17CopyAssignable_](https://eel.is/c++draft/utility.arg.requirements#tab:cpp17.copyassignable) requirements. So the assignment as specified can return something other than `T\u0026`. Particularly a prvalue whose destruction throws. Only `T`'s destructor is required to not throw.\r\n\u003e \\tcode{T} shall be a type\r\nother than \\cv{} \\tcode{in_place_t} or \\cv{} \\tcode{nullopt_t}\r\nthat meets the \\oldconcept{Destructible} requirements (\\tref{cpp17.destructible}). -- https://eel.is/c++draft/full#optional.optional.general-3.sentence-1\r\n\u003e | u.~T() | All resources owned by u are reclaimed, no exception is propagated. -- https://eel.is/c++draft/utility.arg.requirements#tab:cpp17.destructible-row-2\r\n\r\nThis seems defective to me. How I word this issue's resolution depends on whether the named requirements corresponding to the type traits requirements should have been preconditions on such potentially-throwing operations.\r\n\r\nUnless any one of you is absolutely sure that this is not a defect, I will proceed by adding those corresponding _Preconditions:_ alongside the other changes. Meanwhile, I'll submit a LWG issue with the hopes of confirming that there's a defect and that my chosen resolution is the right one.","bodyHTML":"\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eIf an exception is thrown during the call to \\tcode{T}'s copy assignment,\u003cbr\u003e\nthe state of its contained value is as defined by the exception safety guarantee of \\tcode{T}'s copy assignment. -- \u003ca href=\"https://eel.is/c++draft/optional#assign-7.sentence-3\" rel=\"nofollow\"\u003ehttps://eel.is/c++draft/optional#assign-7.sentence-3\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nThis operator is defined as deleted unless\u003cbr\u003e\n\\tcode{is_copy_constructible_v} is \\tcode{true} and\u003cbr\u003e\n\\tcode{is_copy_assignable_v} is \\tcode{true}. -- \u003ca href=\"https://eel.is/c++draft/optional#assign-7.sentence-4\" rel=\"nofollow\"\u003ehttps://eel.is/c++draft/optional#assign-7.sentence-4\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eThis does not require \u003ccode class=\"notranslate\"\u003eT\u003c/code\u003e to meet the \u003ca href=\"https://eel.is/c++draft/utility.arg.requirements#tab:cpp17.copyassignable\" rel=\"nofollow\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eCpp17CopyAssignable\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/a\u003e requirements. So the assignment as specified can return something other than \u003ccode class=\"notranslate\"\u003eT\u0026amp;\u003c/code\u003e. Particularly a prvalue whose destruction throws. Only \u003ccode class=\"notranslate\"\u003eT\u003c/code\u003e's destructor is required to not throw.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003e\\tcode{T} shall be a type\u003cbr\u003e\nother than \\cv{} \\tcode{in_place_t} or \\cv{} \\tcode{nullopt_t}\u003cbr\u003e\nthat meets the \\oldconcept{Destructible} requirements (\\tref{cpp17.destructible}). -- \u003ca href=\"https://eel.is/c++draft/full#optional.optional.general-3.sentence-1\" rel=\"nofollow\"\u003ehttps://eel.is/c++draft/full#optional.optional.general-3.sentence-1\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n| u.~T() | All resources owned by u are reclaimed, no exception is propagated. -- \u003ca href=\"https://eel.is/c++draft/utility.arg.requirements#tab:cpp17.destructible-row-2\" rel=\"nofollow\"\u003ehttps://eel.is/c++draft/utility.arg.requirements#tab:cpp17.destructible-row-2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eThis seems defective to me. How I word this issue's resolution depends on whether the named requirements corresponding to the type traits requirements should have been preconditions on such potentially-throwing operations.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eUnless any one of you is absolutely sure that this is not a defect, I will proceed by adding those corresponding \u003cem\u003ePreconditions:\u003c/em\u003e alongside the other changes. Meanwhile, I'll submit a LWG issue with the hopes of confirming that there's a defect and that my chosen resolution is the right one.\u003c/p\u003e","bodyVersion":"41df03cfb7ff26291326dd002fa185e0809d8b0d7eb7ddf76528b9ab20327a97","viewerCanUpdate":false,"url":"https://github.com/cplusplus/draft/issues/4863#issuecomment-913050487","createdAt":"2021-09-04T22:48:53Z","authorAssociation":"CONTRIBUTOR","viewerCanDelete":false,"viewerCanMinimize":false,"viewerCanUnminimize":false,"viewerCanReport":false,"viewerCanReportToMaintainer":false,"viewerCanBlockFromOrg":false,"viewerCanUnblockFromOrg":false,"viaApp":null,"isHidden":true,"minimizedReason":"resolved","showSpammyBadge":false,"createdViaEmail":false,"authorToRepoOwnerSponsorship":null,"repository":{"id":"MDEwOlJlcG9zaXRvcnkyMjE2MjQ5","name":"draft","owner":{"__typename":"Organization","id":"MDEyOk9yZ2FuaXphdGlvbjU5Mjc2","login":"cplusplus","url":"https://github.com/cplusplus"},"isPrivate":false,"slashCommandsEnabled":false,"nameWithOwner":"cplusplus/draft","databaseId":2216249},"__isComment":"IssueComment","viewerCanReadUserContentEdits":true,"lastEditedAt":null,"lastUserContentEdit":null,"__isReactable":"IssueComment","reactionGroups":[{"content":"THUMBS_UP","viewerHasReacted":false,"reactors":{"totalCount":0,"nodes":[]}},{"content":"THUMBS_DOWN","viewerHasReacted":false,"reactors":{"totalCount":0,"nodes":[]}},{"content":"LAUGH","viewerHasReacted":false,"reactors":{"totalCount":0,"nodes":[]}},{"content":"HOORAY","viewerHasReacted":false,"reactors":{"totalCount":0,"nodes":[]}},{"content":"CONFUSED","viewerHasReacted":false,"reactors":{"totalCount":0,"nodes":[]}},{"content":"HEART","viewerHasReacted":false,"reactors":{"totalCount":0,"nodes":[]}},{"content":"ROCKET","viewerHasReacted":false,"reactors":{"totalCount":0,"nodes":[]}},{"content":"EYES","viewerHasReacted":false,"reactors":{"totalCount":0,"nodes":[]}}],"__isNode":"IssueComment"},"cursor":"Y3Vyc29yOnYyOpPPAAABe7MAGAgAqTkxMzA1MDQ4Nw=="},{"node":{"__typename":"IssueComment","__isIssueTimelineItems":"IssueComment","databaseId":913052090,"viewerDidAuthor":false,"issue":{"author":{"__typename":"User","login":"JohelEGP","id":"MDQ6VXNlcjIxMDcxNzg3"},"id":"MDU6SXNzdWU5ODgyMDEwNDM=","number":4863,"locked":false,"databaseId":988201043},"author":{"__typename":"User","login":"JohelEGP","avatarUrl":"https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/21071787?u=2d10155adf06f49c7ac40edb24419058b2dc1834\u0026v=4","profileUrl":"https://github.com/JohelEGP","id":"MDQ6VXNlcjIxMDcxNzg3"},"id":"IC_kwDOACHROc42bBG6","body":"\u003e Unless any one of you\r\n\r\nMe included.\r\n\r\nOn further analysis of sibling vocabulary types, all of them use type traits instead of named requirements for these operations. So I will proceed on the assumption there's no such defect.","bodyHTML":"\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eUnless any one of you\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eMe included.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eOn further analysis of sibling vocabulary types, all of them use type traits instead of named requirements for these operations. So I will proceed on the assumption there's no such defect.\u003c/p\u003e","bodyVersion":"c0fa2be16359228e8458d1198abf039ffb2fb18b7852dcec4c9f4428b5a0ad80","viewerCanUpdate":false,"url":"https://github.com/cplusplus/draft/issues/4863#issuecomment-913052090","createdAt":"2021-09-04T23:04:58Z","authorAssociation":"CONTRIBUTOR","viewerCanDelete":false,"viewerCanMinimize":false,"viewerCanUnminimize":false,"viewerCanReport":false,"viewerCanReportToMaintainer":false,"viewerCanBlockFromOrg":false,"viewerCanUnblockFromOrg":false,"viaApp":null,"isHidden":false,"minimizedReason":null,"showSpammyBadge":false,"createdViaEmail":false,"authorToRepoOwnerSponsorship":null,"repository":{"id":"MDEwOlJlcG9zaXRvcnkyMjE2MjQ5","name":"draft","owner":{"__typename":"Organization","id":"MDEyOk9yZ2FuaXphdGlvbjU5Mjc2","login":"cplusplus","url":"https://github.com/cplusplus"},"isPrivate":false,"slashCommandsEnabled":false,"nameWithOwner":"cplusplus/draft","databaseId":2216249},"__isComment":"IssueComment","viewerCanReadUserContentEdits":true,"lastEditedAt":null,"lastUserContentEdit":null,"__isReactable":"IssueComment","reactionGroups":[{"content":"THUMBS_UP","viewerHasReacted":false,"reactors":{"totalCount":0,"nodes":[]}},{"content":"THUMBS_DOWN","viewerHasReacted":false,"reactors":{"totalCount":0,"nodes":[]}},{"content":"LAUGH","viewerHasReacted":false,"reactors":{"totalCount":0,"nodes":[]}},{"content":"HOORAY","viewerHasReacted":false,"reactors":{"totalCount":0,"nodes":[]}},{"content":"CONFUSED","viewerHasReacted":false,"reactors":{"totalCount":0,"nodes":[]}},{"content":"HEART","viewerHasReacted":false,"reactors":{"totalCount":0,"nodes":[]}},{"content":"ROCKET","viewerHasReacted":false,"reactors":{"totalCount":0,"nodes":[]}},{"content":"EYES","viewerHasReacted":false,"reactors":{"totalCount":0,"nodes":[]}}],"__isNode":"IssueComment"},"cursor":"Y3Vyc29yOnYyOpPPAAABe7MO0ZAAqTkxMzA1MjA5MA=="},{"node":{"__typename":"IssueComment","__isIssueTimelineItems":"IssueComment","databaseId":913081169,"viewerDidAuthor":false,"issue":{"author":{"__typename":"User","login":"JohelEGP","id":"MDQ6VXNlcjIxMDcxNzg3"},"id":"MDU6SXNzdWU5ODgyMDEwNDM=","number":4863,"locked":false,"databaseId":988201043},"author":{"__typename":"User","login":"JohelEGP","avatarUrl":"https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/21071787?u=2d10155adf06f49c7ac40edb24419058b2dc1834\u0026v=4","profileUrl":"https://github.com/JohelEGP","id":"MDQ6VXNlcjIxMDcxNzg3"},"id":"IC_kwDOACHROc42bINR","body":"Even \"initialization\" doesn't encompass enough. An exception thrown by the destruction of a temporary created as part of the initialization of a constructor's parameter is not part of the initialization (https://eel.is/c++draft/expr.call#7.sentence-9, https://eel.is/c++draft/full#class.temporary-4.sentence-5).\r\nSee https://godbolt.org/z/3MYod6za7:\r\n```C++\r\n#include \u003ctuple\u003e\r\nstruct Z { ~Z() noexcept(false) { throw 0; } };\r\nstruct X { X(const Z\u0026) noexcept { } };\r\nstruct Y { operator Z() { return {}; } };\r\nint main() try { std::tuple\u003cX\u003e(Y{}); } catch(...) { throw 0ull; }\r\n// Terminate on thrown int means throw within noexcept\r\n```\r\n\r\nExceptions thrown by destructors of returned prvalues seem to have the same problem: https://godbolt.org/z/xeaaEToMq.\r\n\u003e For each \\tcode{tuple} assignment operator, an exception is thrown only if the\r\nassignment of one of the types in \\tcode{Types} throws an exception. -- https://eel.is/c++draft/tuple#assign-1.sentence-1\r\n```C++\r\n#include \u003ctuple\u003e\r\nstruct Y { ~Y() noexcept(false) { throw 0; } };\r\nstruct X { Y operator=(const X\u0026) noexcept { return {}; } };\r\nint main()\r\ntry {\r\n  std::tuple\u003cX\u003e x{};\r\n  x = x;\r\n  throw '0';\r\n}\r\ncatch(int) {\r\n  throw 0ull; // Terminate on thrown int means throw within noexcept\r\n}\r\n```\r\n\r\nI propose the following amendment to the proposed solution:\r\n\u003e Implying that the \u003cins\u003eside effects of the\u003c/ins\u003e initialization of a constructor's parameter are part of the effects for which exceptions are propagated can be done with these changes:\r\n\u003e - \"Any exception ~~thrown by~~ \u003cins\u003epropagated from a side effect of calling\u003c/ins\u003e the (selected) constructor of `T`.\r\n\u003e - \"Any exception ~~thrown by the construction~~ \u003cins\u003epropagated from a side effect of the initialization\u003c/ins\u003e of {`T`,_some object_}\".\r\n\r\nThe use of \"propagated\" was taken from https://eel.is/c++draft/futures.async#3. This use of side effect is novel.","bodyHTML":"\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eEven \"initialization\" doesn't encompass enough. An exception thrown by the destruction of a temporary created as part of the initialization of a constructor's parameter is not part of the initialization (\u003ca href=\"https://eel.is/c++draft/expr.call#7.sentence-9\" rel=\"nofollow\"\u003ehttps://eel.is/c++draft/expr.call#7.sentence-9\u003c/a\u003e, \u003ca href=\"https://eel.is/c++draft/full#class.temporary-4.sentence-5\" rel=\"nofollow\"\u003ehttps://eel.is/c++draft/full#class.temporary-4.sentence-5\u003c/a\u003e).\u003cbr\u003e\nSee \u003ca href=\"https://godbolt.org/z/3MYod6za7\" rel=\"nofollow\"\u003ehttps://godbolt.org/z/3MYod6za7\u003c/a\u003e:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight highlight-source-c++ notranslate position-relative overflow-auto\" dir=\"auto\" data-snippet-clipboard-copy-content=\"#include \u0026lt;tuple\u0026gt;\nstruct Z { ~Z() noexcept(false) { throw 0; } };\nstruct X { X(const Z\u0026amp;) noexcept { } };\nstruct Y { operator Z() { return {}; } };\nint main() try { std::tuple\u0026lt;X\u0026gt;(Y{}); } catch(...) { throw 0ull; }\n// Terminate on thrown int means throw within noexcept\"\u003e\u003cpre class=\"notranslate\"\u003e#\u003cspan class=\"pl-k\"\u003einclude\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"pl-s\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"pl-pds\"\u003e\u0026lt;\u003c/span\u003etuple\u003cspan class=\"pl-pds\"\u003e\u0026gt;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003cspan class=\"pl-k\"\u003estruct\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"pl-en\"\u003eZ\u003c/span\u003e { \u003cspan class=\"pl-en\"\u003e~Z\u003c/span\u003e() \u003cspan class=\"pl-k\"\u003enoexcept\u003c/span\u003e(\u003cspan class=\"pl-c1\"\u003efalse\u003c/span\u003e) { \u003cspan class=\"pl-k\"\u003ethrow\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"pl-c1\"\u003e0\u003c/span\u003e; } };\n\u003cspan class=\"pl-k\"\u003estruct\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"pl-en\"\u003eX\u003c/span\u003e { X(\u003cspan class=\"pl-k\"\u003econst\u003c/span\u003e Z\u0026amp;) \u003cspan class=\"pl-k\"\u003enoexcept\u003c/span\u003e { } };\n\u003cspan class=\"pl-k\"\u003estruct\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"pl-en\"\u003eY\u003c/span\u003e { \u003cspan class=\"pl-k\"\u003eoperator\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"pl-en\"\u003eZ\u003c/span\u003e() { \u003cspan class=\"pl-k\"\u003ereturn\u003c/span\u003e {}; } };\n\u003cspan class=\"pl-k\"\u003eint\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"pl-en\"\u003emain\u003c/span\u003e() try { std::tuple\u0026lt;X\u0026gt;(Y{}); } \u003cspan class=\"pl-k\"\u003ecatch\u003c/span\u003e(...) { \u003cspan class=\"pl-k\"\u003ethrow\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"pl-c1\"\u003e0ull\u003c/span\u003e; }\n\u003cspan class=\"pl-c\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"pl-c\"\u003e//\u003c/span\u003e Terminate on thrown int means throw within noexcept\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eExceptions thrown by destructors of returned prvalues seem to have the same problem: \u003ca href=\"https://godbolt.org/z/xeaaEToMq\" rel=\"nofollow\"\u003ehttps://godbolt.org/z/xeaaEToMq\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eFor each \\tcode{tuple} assignment operator, an exception is thrown only if the\u003cbr\u003e\nassignment of one of the types in \\tcode{Types} throws an exception. -- \u003ca href=\"https://eel.is/c++draft/tuple#assign-1.sentence-1\" rel=\"nofollow\"\u003ehttps://eel.is/c++draft/tuple#assign-1.sentence-1\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight highlight-source-c++ notranslate position-relative overflow-auto\" dir=\"auto\" data-snippet-clipboard-copy-content=\"#include \u0026lt;tuple\u0026gt;\nstruct Y { ~Y() noexcept(false) { throw 0; } };\nstruct X { Y operator=(const X\u0026amp;) noexcept { return {}; } };\nint main()\ntry {\n  std::tuple\u0026lt;X\u0026gt; x{};\n  x = x;\n  throw '0';\n}\ncatch(int) {\n  throw 0ull; // Terminate on thrown int means throw within noexcept\n}\"\u003e\u003cpre class=\"notranslate\"\u003e#\u003cspan class=\"pl-k\"\u003einclude\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"pl-s\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"pl-pds\"\u003e\u0026lt;\u003c/span\u003etuple\u003cspan class=\"pl-pds\"\u003e\u0026gt;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003cspan class=\"pl-k\"\u003estruct\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"pl-en\"\u003eY\u003c/span\u003e { \u003cspan class=\"pl-en\"\u003e~Y\u003c/span\u003e() \u003cspan class=\"pl-k\"\u003enoexcept\u003c/span\u003e(\u003cspan class=\"pl-c1\"\u003efalse\u003c/span\u003e) { \u003cspan class=\"pl-k\"\u003ethrow\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"pl-c1\"\u003e0\u003c/span\u003e; } };\n\u003cspan class=\"pl-k\"\u003estruct\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"pl-en\"\u003eX\u003c/span\u003e { Y \u003cspan class=\"pl-k\"\u003eoperator\u003c/span\u003e=(\u003cspan class=\"pl-k\"\u003econst\u003c/span\u003e X\u0026amp;) \u003cspan class=\"pl-k\"\u003enoexcept\u003c/span\u003e { \u003cspan class=\"pl-k\"\u003ereturn\u003c/span\u003e {}; } };\n\u003cspan class=\"pl-k\"\u003eint\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"pl-en\"\u003emain\u003c/span\u003e()\ntry {\n  std::tuple\u0026lt;X\u0026gt; x{};\n  x = x;\n  \u003cspan class=\"pl-k\"\u003ethrow\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"pl-s\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"pl-pds\"\u003e'\u003c/span\u003e0\u003cspan class=\"pl-pds\"\u003e'\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e;\n}\n\u003cspan class=\"pl-k\"\u003ecatch\u003c/span\u003e(\u003cspan class=\"pl-k\"\u003eint\u003c/span\u003e) {\n  \u003cspan class=\"pl-k\"\u003ethrow\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"pl-c1\"\u003e0ull\u003c/span\u003e; \u003cspan class=\"pl-c\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"pl-c\"\u003e//\u003c/span\u003e Terminate on thrown int means throw within noexcept\u003c/span\u003e\n}\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eI propose the following amendment to the proposed solution:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eImplying that the \u003cins\u003eside effects of the\u003c/ins\u003e initialization of a constructor's parameter are part of the effects for which exceptions are propagated can be done with these changes:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul dir=\"auto\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\"Any exception \u003cdel\u003ethrown by\u003c/del\u003e \u003cins\u003epropagated from a side effect of calling\u003c/ins\u003e the (selected) constructor of \u003ccode class=\"notranslate\"\u003eT\u003c/code\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\"Any exception \u003cdel\u003ethrown by the construction\u003c/del\u003e \u003cins\u003epropagated from a side effect of the initialization\u003c/ins\u003e of {\u003ccode class=\"notranslate\"\u003eT\u003c/code\u003e,\u003cem\u003esome object\u003c/em\u003e}\".\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eThe use of \"propagated\" was taken from \u003ca href=\"https://eel.is/c++draft/futures.async#3\" rel=\"nofollow\"\u003ehttps://eel.is/c++draft/futures.async#3\u003c/a\u003e. This use of side effect is novel.\u003c/p\u003e","bodyVersion":"2778821e08ca0e45c02fe5b5f16c2195e5433ee896030414d1f2a704e3b0e2ac","viewerCanUpdate":false,"url":"https://github.com/cplusplus/draft/issues/4863#issuecomment-913081169","createdAt":"2021-09-05T03:53:23Z","authorAssociation":"CONTRIBUTOR","viewerCanDelete":false,"viewerCanMinimize":false,"viewerCanUnminimize":false,"viewerCanReport":false,"viewerCanReportToMaintainer":false,"viewerCanBlockFromOrg":false,"viewerCanUnblockFromOrg":false,"viaApp":null,"isHidden":false,"minimizedReason":null,"showSpammyBadge":false,"createdViaEmail":false,"authorToRepoOwnerSponsorship":null,"repository":{"id":"MDEwOlJlcG9zaXRvcnkyMjE2MjQ5","name":"draft","owner":{"__typename":"Organization","id":"MDEyOk9yZ2FuaXphdGlvbjU5Mjc2","login":"cplusplus","url":"https://github.com/cplusplus"},"isPrivate":false,"slashCommandsEnabled":false,"nameWithOwner":"cplusplus/draft","databaseId":2216249},"__isComment":"IssueComment","viewerCanReadUserContentEdits":true,"lastEditedAt":"2021-09-05T13:48:06Z","lastUserContentEdit":{"editor":{"__typename":"User","url":"https://github.com/JohelEGP","login":"JohelEGP","id":"MDQ6VXNlcjIxMDcxNzg3"},"id":"MDE1OlVzZXJDb250ZW50RWRpdElzc3VlQ29tbWVudEVkaXQ6NDk0OTczMDQx"},"__isReactable":"IssueComment","reactionGroups":[{"content":"THUMBS_UP","viewerHasReacted":false,"reactors":{"totalCount":0,"nodes":[]}},{"content":"THUMBS_DOWN","viewerHasReacted":false,"reactors":{"totalCount":0,"nodes":[]}},{"content":"LAUGH","viewerHasReacted":false,"reactors":{"totalCount":0,"nodes":[]}},{"content":"HOORAY","viewerHasReacted":false,"reactors":{"totalCount":0,"nodes":[]}},{"content":"CONFUSED","viewerHasReacted":false,"reactors":{"totalCount":0,"nodes":[]}},{"content":"HEART","viewerHasReacted":false,"reactors":{"totalCount":0,"nodes":[]}},{"content":"ROCKET","viewerHasReacted":false,"reactors":{"totalCount":0,"nodes":[]}},{"content":"EYES","viewerHasReacted":false,"reactors":{"totalCount":0,"nodes":[]}}],"__isNode":"IssueComment"},"cursor":"Y3Vyc29yOnYyOpPPAAABe7QW3zgAqTkxMzA4MTE2OQ=="},{"node":{"__typename":"IssueComment","__isIssueTimelineItems":"IssueComment","databaseId":913095077,"viewerDidAuthor":false,"issue":{"author":{"__typename":"User","login":"JohelEGP","id":"MDQ6VXNlcjIxMDcxNzg3"},"id":"MDU6SXNzdWU5ODgyMDEwNDM=","number":4863,"locked":false,"databaseId":988201043},"author":{"__typename":"User","login":"jensmaurer","avatarUrl":"https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/23412755?v=4","profileUrl":"https://github.com/jensmaurer","id":"MDQ6VXNlcjIzNDEyNzU1"},"id":"IC_kwDOACHROc42bLml","body":"@jwakely , there seems to be material for at least two library issues here.\r\n\r\nThe first one is for optional.assign p7 and vicinity:\r\n\r\n\"This does not require T to meet the Cpp17CopyAssignable requirements. So the assignment as specified can return something other than T\u0026. Particularly a prvalue whose destruction throws. Only T's destructor is required to not throw.\"\r\n\r\nA type traits check (e.g. `is_copy_assignable`) does not replace a semantic precondition, e.g. Cpp17CopyAssignable.\r\n\r\nThe second one is bad phrasing around \"thrown by the construction\", because it ignores exceptions thrown by the destruction of temporaries and by the destruction of prvalue results. LWG should form an opinion what the appropriate phrasing should be (possibly in conjunction with a front-matter explanation), and apply that uniformly (or have it editorially applied uniformly).\r\n\r\nAnd no, \"side effects\" is a defined term in [intro.execution]; we can't use that here. \"full-expression\" might help, though.","bodyHTML":"\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003e\u003ca class=\"user-mention notranslate\" data-hovercard-type=\"user\" data-hovercard-url=\"/users/jwakely/hovercard\" data-octo-click=\"hovercard-link-click\" data-octo-dimensions=\"link_type:self\" href=\"https://github.com/jwakely\"\u003e@jwakely\u003c/a\u003e , there seems to be material for at least two library issues here.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eThe first one is for optional.assign p7 and vicinity:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003e\"This does not require T to meet the Cpp17CopyAssignable requirements. So the assignment as specified can return something other than T\u0026amp;. Particularly a prvalue whose destruction throws. Only T's destructor is required to not throw.\"\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eA type traits check (e.g. \u003ccode class=\"notranslate\"\u003eis_copy_assignable\u003c/code\u003e) does not replace a semantic precondition, e.g. Cpp17CopyAssignable.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eThe second one is bad phrasing around \"thrown by the construction\", because it ignores exceptions thrown by the destruction of temporaries and by the destruction of prvalue results. LWG should form an opinion what the appropriate phrasing should be (possibly in conjunction with a front-matter explanation), and apply that uniformly (or have it editorially applied uniformly).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eAnd no, \"side effects\" is a defined term in [intro.execution]; we can't use that here. \"full-expression\" might help, though.\u003c/p\u003e","bodyVersion":"9f7006842c57da7ac151052db440c1d0211e38d4444f86dc49830be6cbe70b91","viewerCanUpdate":false,"url":"https://github.com/cplusplus/draft/issues/4863#issuecomment-913095077","createdAt":"2021-09-05T06:32:54Z","authorAssociation":"MEMBER","viewerCanDelete":false,"viewerCanMinimize":false,"viewerCanUnminimize":false,"viewerCanReport":false,"viewerCanReportToMaintainer":false,"viewerCanBlockFromOrg":false,"viewerCanUnblockFromOrg":false,"viaApp":null,"isHidden":false,"minimizedReason":null,"showSpammyBadge":false,"createdViaEmail":false,"authorToRepoOwnerSponsorship":null,"repository":{"id":"MDEwOlJlcG9zaXRvcnkyMjE2MjQ5","name":"draft","owner":{"__typename":"Organization","id":"MDEyOk9yZ2FuaXphdGlvbjU5Mjc2","login":"cplusplus","url":"https://github.com/cplusplus"},"isPrivate":false,"slashCommandsEnabled":false,"nameWithOwner":"cplusplus/draft","databaseId":2216249},"__isComment":"IssueComment","viewerCanReadUserContentEdits":true,"lastEditedAt":null,"lastUserContentEdit":null,"__isReactable":"IssueComment","reactionGroups":[{"content":"THUMBS_UP","viewerHasReacted":false,"reactors":{"totalCount":0,"nodes":[]}},{"content":"THUMBS_DOWN","viewerHasReacted":false,"reactors":{"totalCount":0,"nodes":[]}},{"content":"LAUGH","viewerHasReacted":false,"reactors":{"totalCount":0,"nodes":[]}},{"content":"HOORAY","viewerHasReacted":false,"reactors":{"totalCount":0,"nodes":[]}},{"content":"CONFUSED","viewerHasReacted":false,"reactors":{"totalCount":0,"nodes":[]}},{"content":"HEART","viewerHasReacted":false,"reactors":{"totalCount":0,"nodes":[]}},{"content":"ROCKET","viewerHasReacted":false,"reactors":{"totalCount":0,"nodes":[]}},{"content":"EYES","viewerHasReacted":false,"reactors":{"totalCount":0,"nodes":[]}}],"__isNode":"IssueComment"},"cursor":"Y3Vyc29yOnYyOpPPAAABe7So6fAAqTkxMzA5NTA3Nw=="},{"node":{"__typename":"IssueComment","__isIssueTimelineItems":"IssueComment","databaseId":913157418,"viewerDidAuthor":false,"issue":{"author":{"__typename":"User","login":"JohelEGP","id":"MDQ6VXNlcjIxMDcxNzg3"},"id":"MDU6SXNzdWU5ODgyMDEwNDM=","number":4863,"locked":false,"databaseId":988201043},"author":{"__typename":"User","login":"JohelEGP","avatarUrl":"https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/21071787?u=2d10155adf06f49c7ac40edb24419058b2dc1834\u0026v=4","profileUrl":"https://github.com/JohelEGP","id":"MDQ6VXNlcjIxMDcxNzg3"},"id":"IC_kwDOACHROc42ba0q","body":"~~I did notice that `std::tuple\u003cT\u003e` didn't even require `T` to meet the _Cpp17Destructible_ requirements, as opposed to `std::optional`. Now, a [quick test](https://godbolt.org/z/Trqxz5aaz) shows that implementations do not swallow exceptions in the destructor, suggesting a defect as it fails to [meet its own requirements](https://eel.is/c++draft/res.on.exception.handling#3).~~ It doesn't define a destructor, so this is fine. `std::any`, on the other hand, does define a destructor yet doesn't impose the named requirement. Here's a proof of implementation divergence: https://godbolt.org/z/Yrszd3d4f.","bodyHTML":"\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003e\u003cdel\u003eI did notice that \u003ccode class=\"notranslate\"\u003estd::tuple\u0026lt;T\u0026gt;\u003c/code\u003e didn't even require \u003ccode class=\"notranslate\"\u003eT\u003c/code\u003e to meet the \u003cem\u003eCpp17Destructible\u003c/em\u003e requirements, as opposed to \u003ccode class=\"notranslate\"\u003estd::optional\u003c/code\u003e. Now, a \u003ca href=\"https://godbolt.org/z/Trqxz5aaz\" rel=\"nofollow\"\u003equick test\u003c/a\u003e shows that implementations do not swallow exceptions in the destructor, suggesting a defect as it fails to \u003ca href=\"https://eel.is/c++draft/res.on.exception.handling#3\" rel=\"nofollow\"\u003emeet its own requirements\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/del\u003e It doesn't define a destructor, so this is fine. \u003ccode class=\"notranslate\"\u003estd::any\u003c/code\u003e, on the other hand, does define a destructor yet doesn't impose the named requirement. Here's a proof of implementation divergence: \u003ca href=\"https://godbolt.org/z/Yrszd3d4f\" rel=\"nofollow\"\u003ehttps://godbolt.org/z/Yrszd3d4f\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","bodyVersion":"e5472501adabcdc33d664aadb97772af9e9d987e821b8237e6d15c342d43cee0","viewerCanUpdate":false,"url":"https://github.com/cplusplus/draft/issues/4863#issuecomment-913157418","createdAt":"2021-09-05T13:43:58Z","authorAssociation":"CONTRIBUTOR","viewerCanDelete":false,"viewerCanMinimize":false,"viewerCanUnminimize":false,"viewerCanReport":false,"viewerCanReportToMaintainer":false,"viewerCanBlockFromOrg":false,"viewerCanUnblockFromOrg":false,"viaApp":null,"isHidden":false,"minimizedReason":null,"showSpammyBadge":false,"createdViaEmail":false,"authorToRepoOwnerSponsorship":null,"repository":{"id":"MDEwOlJlcG9zaXRvcnkyMjE2MjQ5","name":"draft","owner":{"__typename":"Organization","id":"MDEyOk9yZ2FuaXphdGlvbjU5Mjc2","login":"cplusplus","url":"https://github.com/cplusplus"},"isPrivate":false,"slashCommandsEnabled":false,"nameWithOwner":"cplusplus/draft","databaseId":2216249},"__isComment":"IssueComment","viewerCanReadUserContentEdits":true,"lastEditedAt":"2021-09-05T19:30:18Z","lastUserContentEdit":{"editor":{"__typename":"User","url":"https://github.com/JohelEGP","login":"JohelEGP","id":"MDQ6VXNlcjIxMDcxNzg3"},"id":"MDE1OlVzZXJDb250ZW50RWRpdElzc3VlQ29tbWVudEVkaXQ6NDk1MDAyMTIw"},"__isReactable":"IssueComment","reactionGroups":[{"content":"THUMBS_UP","viewerHasReacted":false,"reactors":{"totalCount":0,"nodes":[]}},{"content":"THUMBS_DOWN","viewerHasReacted":false,"reactors":{"totalCount":0,"nodes":[]}},{"content":"LAUGH","viewerHasReacted":false,"reactors":{"totalCount":0,"nodes":[]}},{"content":"HOORAY","viewerHasReacted":false,"reactors":{"totalCount":0,"nodes":[]}},{"content":"CONFUSED","viewerHasReacted":false,"reactors":{"totalCount":0,"nodes":[]}},{"content":"HEART","viewerHasReacted":false,"reactors":{"totalCount":0,"nodes":[]}},{"content":"ROCKET","viewerHasReacted":false,"reactors":{"totalCount":0,"nodes":[]}},{"content":"EYES","viewerHasReacted":false,"reactors":{"totalCount":0,"nodes":[]}}],"__isNode":"IssueComment"},"cursor":"Y3Vyc29yOnYyOpPPAAABe7YzkTAAqTkxMzE1NzQxOA=="},{"node":{"__typename":"IssueComment","__isIssueTimelineItems":"IssueComment","databaseId":913167880,"viewerDidAuthor":false,"issue":{"author":{"__typename":"User","login":"JohelEGP","id":"MDQ6VXNlcjIxMDcxNzg3"},"id":"MDU6SXNzdWU5ODgyMDEwNDM=","number":4863,"locked":false,"databaseId":988201043},"author":{"__typename":"User","login":"JohelEGP","avatarUrl":"https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/21071787?u=2d10155adf06f49c7ac40edb24419058b2dc1834\u0026v=4","profileUrl":"https://github.com/JohelEGP","id":"MDQ6VXNlcjIxMDcxNzg3"},"id":"IC_kwDOACHROc42bdYI","body":"\u003e And no, \"side effects\" is a defined term in [intro.execution]; we can't use that here. \"full-expression\" might help, though.\r\n\r\nI propose amending the proposed solution to the following:\r\n\u003e Let _E_ be the construction of {`T`,_some object_}. Implying that the full expression _E_ is a subexpression of propagates exceptions as a result of evaluating _E_ can be done with this change:\r\n\u003e - \"Any exception propagated from the full expression that evaluates _E_\".","bodyHTML":"\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eAnd no, \"side effects\" is a defined term in [intro.execution]; we can't use that here. \"full-expression\" might help, though.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eI propose amending the proposed solution to the following:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eLet \u003cem\u003eE\u003c/em\u003e be the construction of {\u003ccode class=\"notranslate\"\u003eT\u003c/code\u003e,\u003cem\u003esome object\u003c/em\u003e}. Implying that the full expression \u003cem\u003eE\u003c/em\u003e is a subexpression of propagates exceptions as a result of evaluating \u003cem\u003eE\u003c/em\u003e can be done with this change:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul dir=\"auto\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\"Any exception propagated from the full expression that evaluates \u003cem\u003eE\u003c/em\u003e\".\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e","bodyVersion":"8407e6982bb41e38a51ca920eb7ce9e5c28cd83095cbe5ee9635aa981e887877","viewerCanUpdate":false,"url":"https://github.com/cplusplus/draft/issues/4863#issuecomment-913167880","createdAt":"2021-09-05T14:46:25Z","authorAssociation":"CONTRIBUTOR","viewerCanDelete":false,"viewerCanMinimize":false,"viewerCanUnminimize":false,"viewerCanReport":false,"viewerCanReportToMaintainer":false,"viewerCanBlockFromOrg":false,"viewerCanUnblockFromOrg":false,"viaApp":null,"isHidden":false,"minimizedReason":null,"showSpammyBadge":false,"createdViaEmail":false,"authorToRepoOwnerSponsorship":null,"repository":{"id":"MDEwOlJlcG9zaXRvcnkyMjE2MjQ5","name":"draft","owner":{"__typename":"Organization","id":"MDEyOk9yZ2FuaXphdGlvbjU5Mjc2","login":"cplusplus","url":"https://github.com/cplusplus"},"isPrivate":false,"slashCommandsEnabled":false,"nameWithOwner":"cplusplus/draft","databaseId":2216249},"__isComment":"IssueComment","viewerCanReadUserContentEdits":true,"lastEditedAt":null,"lastUserContentEdit":null,"__isReactable":"IssueComment","reactionGroups":[{"content":"THUMBS_UP","viewerHasReacted":false,"reactors":{"totalCount":0,"nodes":[]}},{"content":"THUMBS_DOWN","viewerHasReacted":false,"reactors":{"totalCount":0,"nodes":[]}},{"content":"LAUGH","viewerHasReacted":false,"reactors":{"totalCount":0,"nodes":[]}},{"content":"HOORAY","viewerHasReacted":false,"reactors":{"totalCount":0,"nodes":[]}},{"content":"CONFUSED","viewerHasReacted":false,"reactors":{"totalCount":0,"nodes":[]}},{"content":"HEART","viewerHasReacted":false,"reactors":{"totalCount":0,"nodes":[]}},{"content":"ROCKET","viewerHasReacted":false,"reactors":{"totalCount":0,"nodes":[]}},{"content":"EYES","viewerHasReacted":false,"reactors":{"totalCount":0,"nodes":[]}}],"__isNode":"IssueComment"},"cursor":"Y3Vyc29yOnYyOpPPAAABe7ZsvegAqTkxMzE2Nzg4MA=="},{"node":{"__typename":"IssueComment","__isIssueTimelineItems":"IssueComment","databaseId":913171431,"viewerDidAuthor":false,"issue":{"author":{"__typename":"User","login":"JohelEGP","id":"MDQ6VXNlcjIxMDcxNzg3"},"id":"MDU6SXNzdWU5ODgyMDEwNDM=","number":4863,"locked":false,"databaseId":988201043},"author":{"__typename":"User","login":"JohelEGP","avatarUrl":"https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/21071787?u=2d10155adf06f49c7ac40edb24419058b2dc1834\u0026v=4","profileUrl":"https://github.com/JohelEGP","id":"MDQ6VXNlcjIxMDcxNzg3"},"id":"IC_kwDOACHROc42bePn","body":"That could even be defined as _exception-propagating_.\r\n\r\n```diff\r\n+3.21 [defns.exception-propagating]\r\n+exception-propagating\r\n+an effect whose exceptions thrown due to the evaluation of its implementing expression are propagated\r\n\r\n-Constructors and member functions of pair do not throw exceptions unless one of the element-wise\r\n-operations specified to be called for that operation throws an exception.\r\n+For constructors and member functions of pair, each element-wise\r\n+operation specified to be called for that operation is exception-propagating.\r\n\r\n-For each \\tcode{tuple} constructor, an exception is thrown only if the construction of\r\n-one of the types in \\tcode{Types} throws an exception.\r\n+For each \\tcode{tuple} constructor, the construction of each type in \\tcode{Types} is exception-propagating.\r\n\r\n \\item\r\n \\throws\r\n-any exceptions thrown by the function, and the conditions that would cause the exception.\r\n+any exceptions thrown by the function and the conditions that would cause the exception, and\r\n+effects specified as exception-propagating.\r\n\r\n-Throws: Any exception thrown by the initialization of the selected alternative Tj.\r\n+Throws: The initialization of the selected alternative Tj is exception-propagating.\r\n\r\n-Throws: Any exception thrown by the selected constructor of T.\r\n+Throws: Calling the selected constructor of T is exception-propagating.\r\n```","bodyHTML":"\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eThat could even be defined as \u003cem\u003eexception-propagating\u003c/em\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight highlight-source-diff notranslate position-relative overflow-auto\" dir=\"auto\" data-snippet-clipboard-copy-content=\"+3.21 [defns.exception-propagating]\n+exception-propagating\n+an effect whose exceptions thrown due to the evaluation of its implementing expression are propagated\n\n-Constructors and member functions of pair do not throw exceptions unless one of the element-wise\n-operations specified to be called for that operation throws an exception.\n+For constructors and member functions of pair, each element-wise\n+operation specified to be called for that operation is exception-propagating.\n\n-For each \\tcode{tuple} constructor, an exception is thrown only if the construction of\n-one of the types in \\tcode{Types} throws an exception.\n+For each \\tcode{tuple} constructor, the construction of each type in \\tcode{Types} is exception-propagating.\n\n \\item\n \\throws\n-any exceptions thrown by the function, and the conditions that would cause the exception.\n+any exceptions thrown by the function and the conditions that would cause the exception, and\n+effects specified as exception-propagating.\n\n-Throws: Any exception thrown by the initialization of the selected alternative Tj.\n+Throws: The initialization of the selected alternative Tj is exception-propagating.\n\n-Throws: Any exception thrown by the selected constructor of T.\n+Throws: Calling the selected constructor of T is exception-propagating.\"\u003e\u003cpre class=\"notranslate\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"pl-mi1\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"pl-mi1\"\u003e+\u003c/span\u003e3.21 [defns.exception-propagating]\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003cspan class=\"pl-mi1\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"pl-mi1\"\u003e+\u003c/span\u003eexception-propagating\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003cspan class=\"pl-mi1\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"pl-mi1\"\u003e+\u003c/span\u003ean effect whose exceptions thrown due to the evaluation of its implementing expression are propagated\u003c/span\u003e\n\n\u003cspan class=\"pl-md\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"pl-md\"\u003e-\u003c/span\u003eConstructors and member functions of pair do not throw exceptions unless one of the element-wise\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003cspan class=\"pl-md\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"pl-md\"\u003e-\u003c/span\u003eoperations specified to be called for that operation throws an exception.\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003cspan class=\"pl-mi1\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"pl-mi1\"\u003e+\u003c/span\u003eFor constructors and member functions of pair, each element-wise\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003cspan class=\"pl-mi1\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"pl-mi1\"\u003e+\u003c/span\u003eoperation specified to be called for that operation is exception-propagating.\u003c/span\u003e\n\n\u003cspan class=\"pl-md\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"pl-md\"\u003e-\u003c/span\u003eFor each \\tcode{tuple} constructor, an exception is thrown only if the construction of\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003cspan class=\"pl-md\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"pl-md\"\u003e-\u003c/span\u003eone of the types in \\tcode{Types} throws an exception.\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003cspan class=\"pl-mi1\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"pl-mi1\"\u003e+\u003c/span\u003eFor each \\tcode{tuple} constructor, the construction of each type in \\tcode{Types} is exception-propagating.\u003c/span\u003e\n\n \\item\n \\throws\n\u003cspan class=\"pl-md\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"pl-md\"\u003e-\u003c/span\u003eany exceptions thrown by the function, and the conditions that would cause the exception.\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003cspan class=\"pl-mi1\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"pl-mi1\"\u003e+\u003c/span\u003eany exceptions thrown by the function and the conditions that would cause the exception, and\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003cspan class=\"pl-mi1\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"pl-mi1\"\u003e+\u003c/span\u003eeffects specified as exception-propagating.\u003c/span\u003e\n\n\u003cspan class=\"pl-md\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"pl-md\"\u003e-\u003c/span\u003eThrows: Any exception thrown by the initialization of the selected alternative Tj.\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003cspan class=\"pl-mi1\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"pl-mi1\"\u003e+\u003c/span\u003eThrows: The initialization of the selected alternative Tj is exception-propagating.\u003c/span\u003e\n\n\u003cspan class=\"pl-md\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"pl-md\"\u003e-\u003c/span\u003eThrows: Any exception thrown by the selected constructor of T.\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003cspan class=\"pl-mi1\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"pl-mi1\"\u003e+\u003c/span\u003eThrows: Calling the selected constructor of T is exception-propagating.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/div\u003e","bodyVersion":"04b0e884de1b5cce774972e5554f92cdf7db829a6a56623f1f2d4f1ec7af4a0d","viewerCanUpdate":false,"url":"https://github.com/cplusplus/draft/issues/4863#issuecomment-913171431","createdAt":"2021-09-05T15:05:57Z","authorAssociation":"CONTRIBUTOR","viewerCanDelete":false,"viewerCanMinimize":false,"viewerCanUnminimize":false,"viewerCanReport":false,"viewerCanReportToMaintainer":false,"viewerCanBlockFromOrg":false,"viewerCanUnblockFromOrg":false,"viaApp":null,"isHidden":false,"minimizedReason":null,"showSpammyBadge":false,"createdViaEmail":false,"authorToRepoOwnerSponsorship":null,"repository":{"id":"MDEwOlJlcG9zaXRvcnkyMjE2MjQ5","name":"draft","owner":{"__typename":"Organization","id":"MDEyOk9yZ2FuaXphdGlvbjU5Mjc2","login":"cplusplus","url":"https://github.com/cplusplus"},"isPrivate":false,"slashCommandsEnabled":false,"nameWithOwner":"cplusplus/draft","databaseId":2216249},"__isComment":"IssueComment","viewerCanReadUserContentEdits":true,"lastEditedAt":"2021-09-05T16:04:52Z","lastUserContentEdit":{"editor":{"__typename":"User","url":"https://github.com/JohelEGP","login":"JohelEGP","id":"MDQ6VXNlcjIxMDcxNzg3"},"id":"MDE1OlVzZXJDb250ZW50RWRpdElzc3VlQ29tbWVudEVkaXQ6NDk0OTg1NDUy"},"__isReactable":"IssueComment","reactionGroups":[{"content":"THUMBS_UP","viewerHasReacted":false,"reactors":{"totalCount":0,"nodes":[]}},{"content":"THUMBS_DOWN","viewerHasReacted":false,"reactors":{"totalCount":0,"nodes":[]}},{"content":"LAUGH","viewerHasReacted":false,"reactors":{"totalCount":0,"nodes":[]}},{"content":"HOORAY","viewerHasReacted":false,"reactors":{"totalCount":0,"nodes":[]}},{"content":"CONFUSED","viewerHasReacted":false,"reactors":{"totalCount":0,"nodes":[]}},{"content":"HEART","viewerHasReacted":false,"reactors":{"totalCount":0,"nodes":[]}},{"content":"ROCKET","viewerHasReacted":false,"reactors":{"totalCount":0,"nodes":[]}},{"content":"EYES","viewerHasReacted":false,"reactors":{"totalCount":0,"nodes":[]}}],"__isNode":"IssueComment"},"cursor":"Y3Vyc29yOnYyOpPPAAABe7Z-oAgAqTkxMzE3MTQzMQ=="},{"node":{"__typename":"IssueComment","__isIssueTimelineItems":"IssueComment","databaseId":913186508,"viewerDidAuthor":false,"issue":{"author":{"__typename":"User","login":"JohelEGP","id":"MDQ6VXNlcjIxMDcxNzg3"},"id":"MDU6SXNzdWU5ODgyMDEwNDM=","number":4863,"locked":false,"databaseId":988201043},"author":{"__typename":"User","login":"JohelEGP","avatarUrl":"https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/21071787?u=2d10155adf06f49c7ac40edb24419058b2dc1834\u0026v=4","profileUrl":"https://github.com/JohelEGP","id":"MDQ6VXNlcjIxMDcxNzg3"},"id":"IC_kwDOACHROc42bh7M","body":"\u003e @jwakely , there seems to be material for at least two library issues here.\r\n\u003e \r\n\u003e The first one is for optional.assign p7 and vicinity:\r\n\u003e \r\n\u003e \"This does not require T to meet the Cpp17CopyAssignable requirements. So the assignment as specified can return something other than T\u0026. Particularly a prvalue whose destruction throws. Only T's destructor is required to not throw.\"\r\n\u003e \r\n\u003e A type traits check (e.g. `is_copy_assignable`) does not replace a semantic precondition, e.g. Cpp17CopyAssignable.\r\n\r\nAll uses of type traits are suspects. For these siblings vocabulary types,\r\n![1630859522](https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/21071787/132134304-1d3ccaf0-35fa-45bd-8ed4-199f7c9ecf4c.png)\r\nbesides `std::any`, the matches when searching for _Cpp17_ with corresponding type trait constraints are ~3, yet matches for `_v` are ever present.","bodyHTML":"\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003e\u003ca class=\"user-mention notranslate\" data-hovercard-type=\"user\" data-hovercard-url=\"/users/jwakely/hovercard\" data-octo-click=\"hovercard-link-click\" data-octo-dimensions=\"link_type:self\" href=\"https://github.com/jwakely\"\u003e@jwakely\u003c/a\u003e , there seems to be material for at least two library issues here.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eThe first one is for optional.assign p7 and vicinity:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003e\"This does not require T to meet the Cpp17CopyAssignable requirements. So the assignment as specified can return something other than T\u0026amp;. Particularly a prvalue whose destruction throws. Only T's destructor is required to not throw.\"\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eA type traits check (e.g. \u003ccode class=\"notranslate\"\u003eis_copy_assignable\u003c/code\u003e) does not replace a semantic precondition, e.g. Cpp17CopyAssignable.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eAll uses of type traits are suspects. For these siblings vocabulary types,\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003ca target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\" href=\"https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/21071787/132134304-1d3ccaf0-35fa-45bd-8ed4-199f7c9ecf4c.png\"\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/21071787/132134304-1d3ccaf0-35fa-45bd-8ed4-199f7c9ecf4c.png\" alt=\"1630859522\" style=\"max-width: 100%;\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nbesides \u003ccode class=\"notranslate\"\u003estd::any\u003c/code\u003e, the matches when searching for \u003cem\u003eCpp17\u003c/em\u003e with corresponding type trait constraints are ~3, yet matches for \u003ccode class=\"notranslate\"\u003e_v\u003c/code\u003e are ever present.\u003c/p\u003e","bodyVersion":"384c1a3fa4a678f1b33504820cad752db5ecce055ec5f7036930cd42abd7d577","viewerCanUpdate":false,"url":"https://github.com/cplusplus/draft/issues/4863#issuecomment-913186508","createdAt":"2021-09-05T16:34:56Z","authorAssociation":"CONTRIBUTOR","viewerCanDelete":false,"viewerCanMinimize":false,"viewerCanUnminimize":false,"viewerCanReport":false,"viewerCanReportToMaintainer":false,"viewerCanBlockFromOrg":false,"viewerCanUnblockFromOrg":false,"viaApp":null,"isHidden":false,"minimizedReason":null,"showSpammyBadge":false,"createdViaEmail":false,"authorToRepoOwnerSponsorship":null,"repository":{"id":"MDEwOlJlcG9zaXRvcnkyMjE2MjQ5","name":"draft","owner":{"__typename":"Organization","id":"MDEyOk9yZ2FuaXphdGlvbjU5Mjc2","login":"cplusplus","url":"https://github.com/cplusplus"},"isPrivate":false,"slashCommandsEnabled":false,"nameWithOwner":"cplusplus/draft","databaseId":2216249},"__isComment":"IssueComment","viewerCanReadUserContentEdits":true,"lastEditedAt":null,"lastUserContentEdit":null,"__isReactable":"IssueComment","reactionGroups":[{"content":"THUMBS_UP","viewerHasReacted":false,"reactors":{"totalCount":0,"nodes":[]}},{"content":"THUMBS_DOWN","viewerHasReacted":false,"reactors":{"totalCount":0,"nodes":[]}},{"content":"LAUGH","viewerHasReacted":false,"reactors":{"totalCount":0,"nodes":[]}},{"content":"HOORAY","viewerHasReacted":false,"reactors":{"totalCount":0,"nodes":[]}},{"content":"CONFUSED","viewerHasReacted":false,"reactors":{"totalCount":0,"nodes":[]}},{"content":"HEART","viewerHasReacted":false,"reactors":{"totalCount":0,"nodes":[]}},{"content":"ROCKET","viewerHasReacted":false,"reactors":{"totalCount":0,"nodes":[]}},{"content":"EYES","viewerHasReacted":false,"reactors":{"totalCount":0,"nodes":[]}}],"__isNode":"IssueComment"},"cursor":"Y3Vyc29yOnYyOpPPAAABe7bQF4AAqTkxMzE4NjUwOA=="},{"node":{"__typename":"IssueComment","__isIssueTimelineItems":"IssueComment","databaseId":913215699,"viewerDidAuthor":false,"issue":{"author":{"__typename":"User","login":"JohelEGP","id":"MDQ6VXNlcjIxMDcxNzg3"},"id":"MDU6SXNzdWU5ODgyMDEwNDM=","number":4863,"locked":false,"databaseId":988201043},"author":{"__typename":"User","login":"JohelEGP","avatarUrl":"https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/21071787?u=2d10155adf06f49c7ac40edb24419058b2dc1834\u0026v=4","profileUrl":"https://github.com/JohelEGP","id":"MDQ6VXNlcjIxMDcxNzg3"},"id":"IC_kwDOACHROc42bpDT","body":"\u003e ~I did notice that `std::tuple\u003cT\u003e` didn't even require `T` to meet the _Cpp17Destructible_ requirements, as opposed to `std::optional`. Now, a [quick test](https://godbolt.org/z/Trqxz5aaz) shows that implementations do not swallow exceptions in the destructor, suggesting a defect as it fails to [meet its own requirements](https://eel.is/c++draft/res.on.exception.handling#3).~ It doesn't define a destructor, so this is fine. `std::any`, on the other hand, does define a destructor yet doesn't impose the named requirement. Here's a proof of implementation divergence: https://godbolt.org/z/Yrszd3d4f.\r\n\r\nAmended that. It seems that libstdc++ is more conforming here as it behaves [as if it had a non-throwing exception specification](https://eel.is/c++draft/res.on.exception.handling#3.sentence-2). Whereas libc++ lets the exception propagate (opened https://bugs.llvm.org/show_bug.cgi?id=51758).","bodyHTML":"\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003e\u003cdel\u003eI did notice that \u003ccode class=\"notranslate\"\u003estd::tuple\u0026lt;T\u0026gt;\u003c/code\u003e didn't even require \u003ccode class=\"notranslate\"\u003eT\u003c/code\u003e to meet the \u003cem\u003eCpp17Destructible\u003c/em\u003e requirements, as opposed to \u003ccode class=\"notranslate\"\u003estd::optional\u003c/code\u003e. Now, a \u003ca href=\"https://godbolt.org/z/Trqxz5aaz\" rel=\"nofollow\"\u003equick test\u003c/a\u003e shows that implementations do not swallow exceptions in the destructor, suggesting a defect as it fails to \u003ca href=\"https://eel.is/c++draft/res.on.exception.handling#3\" rel=\"nofollow\"\u003emeet its own requirements\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/del\u003e It doesn't define a destructor, so this is fine. \u003ccode class=\"notranslate\"\u003estd::any\u003c/code\u003e, on the other hand, does define a destructor yet doesn't impose the named requirement. Here's a proof of implementation divergence: \u003ca href=\"https://godbolt.org/z/Yrszd3d4f\" rel=\"nofollow\"\u003ehttps://godbolt.org/z/Yrszd3d4f\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"auto\"\u003eAmended that. It seems that libstdc++ is more conforming here as it behaves \u003ca href=\"https://eel.is/c++draft/res.on.exception.handling#3.sentence-2\" rel=\"nofollow\"\u003eas if it had a non-throwing exception specification\u003c/a\u003e. Whereas libc++ lets the exception propagate (opened \u003ca href=\"https://bugs.llvm.org/show_bug.cgi?id=51758\" 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Clarify the thrown exceptions that have requirements and guarantees imposed 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0 1 0 0 1.5.75.75 0 0 0 0-1.5Zm8.25.75a.75.75 0 1 0 1.5 0 .75.75 0 0 0-1.5 0Z"></path></svg><span>#4869</span></a></div></div></div></div></div><div data-testid="issue-metadata-sticky" id="issue-viewer-sticky-header" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 imHURM HeaderMetadata-module__stickyContainer--JBJvS"><div class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 ContentWrapper-module__contentContainer--AGolz"><div class="HeaderMetadata-module__stickyContent--jGltj"><div><span data-testid="header-state" class="prc-StateLabel-StateLabel-ukDwa HeaderState-module__stateLabel--Na0HJ" data-variant="normal" data-status="issueOpened"><svg focusable="false" aria-label="Issue" class="octicon octicon-issue-opened Octicon-sc-9kayk9-0 prc-StateLabel-Icon-NuDm4" role="img" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16" fill="currentColor" display="inline-block" overflow="visible" style="vertical-align:text-bottom"><path d="M8 9.5a1.5 1.5 0 1 0 0-3 1.5 1.5 0 0 0 0 3Z"></path><path d="M8 0a8 8 0 1 1 0 16A8 8 0 0 1 8 0ZM1.5 8a6.5 6.5 0 1 0 13 0 6.5 6.5 0 0 0-13 0Z"></path></svg>Open</span></div><div class="HeaderMetadata-module__titleAndMetadata--I5cx4"><div class="StickyHeaderTitle-module__stickyTitleContainer--tWFM_"><a class="StickyHeaderTitle-module__stickyTitleLink--H6l16 prc-Link-Link-85e08" href="#top"><bdi class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 markdown-title" data-testid="issue-title-sticky">[lib] Extend exception propagation to cover the initialization LWG3640</bdi></a><span class="StickyHeaderTitle-module__issueNumberText--t7CBp">#4863</span></div><div class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 buMjBU HeaderMetadata-module__smallMetadataRow--gVhbT"><!--$--><!--/$--><div class="LinkedPullRequests-module__flexRowContainer--ane_A"><a class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 kQhPvL LinkedPullRequest-module__pullRequestLink--P8RgZ prc-Link-Link-85e08" href="https://github.com/cplusplus/draft/pull/4869" target="_blank" role="link"><svg focusable="false" aria-label="Open" class="octicon octicon-git-pull-request fgColor-open" role="img" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16" 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href="https://github.com/cplusplus/draft/issues/4863#issue-988201043" data-testid="issue-body-header-link"><relative-time class="sc-aXZVg IssueBodyHeader-module__RelativeTime--LRd7n">on <!-- -->Sep 4, 2021</relative-time></a></div></div><div class="ActivityHeader-module__narrowViewportWrapper--k4ncm IssueBodyHeader-module__actionsWrapper--nZngh"><div class="ActivityHeader-module__edits--WkfqY IssueBodyHeader-module__editsSection--ptNnu"></div><div class="IssueBodyHeader-module__badgesSection--izNBK"><div class="IssueBodyHeader-module__badgeGroup--xiI1A"></div><div class="IssueBodyHeader-module__actionsSection--CZDiB"><button data-component="IconButton" type="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false" tabindex="0" class="prc-Button-ButtonBase-c50BI prc-Button-IconButton-szpyj" data-loading="false" data-no-visuals="true" data-size="small" data-variant="invisible" aria-describedby=":R4ldklmb:-loading-announcement" aria-labelledby=":R3sldklmb:" id=":R4ldklmb:"><svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" class="octicon octicon-kebab-horizontal" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16" fill="currentColor" display="inline-block" overflow="visible" style="vertical-align:text-bottom"><path d="M8 9a1.5 1.5 0 1 0 0-3 1.5 1.5 0 0 0 0 3ZM1.5 9a1.5 1.5 0 1 0 0-3 1.5 1.5 0 0 0 0 3Zm13 0a1.5 1.5 0 1 0 0-3 1.5 1.5 0 0 0 0 3Z"></path></svg></button><span class="prc-TooltipV2-Tooltip-cYMVY" data-direction="s" aria-hidden="true" id=":R3sldklmb:">Issue body actions</span></div></div></div></div></div><div class="IssueBodyViewer-module__IssueBody--Zg6Wy" id="issue-body-viewer" data-testid="issue-body-viewer"><div data-testid="markdown-body" data-team-hovercards-enabled="true" class="markdown-body" data-turbolinks="false"><div class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 markdown-body NewMarkdownViewer-module__safe-html-box--dKCgP"><h1 dir="auto">Problem and solution</h1>
<p dir="auto">The wording for the specification of facilities that propagate exceptions inadvertently exclude some cases of thrown exceptions. The ones I've identified have the form "any exception thrown by the {(selected) constructor,construction} of {<code class="notranslate">T</code>,<em>some object</em>}". This formulation excludes exceptions thrown by the initialization of the constructor's parameters (<a href="https://eel.is/c++draft/expr.call#7" rel="nofollow">[expr.call] p7</a>). These are <em>not</em> thrown by the constructor nor during the construction of the object (after its construction has begun (<a href="https://eel.is/c++draft/class.cdtor" rel="nofollow">[class.cdtor] p1</a>)).</p>
<p dir="auto">Implying that the initialization of the constructor's parameter are part of the effects for which exceptions are propagated can be done with these changes:</p>
<ul dir="auto">
<li>"Any exception thrown by <ins>calling</ins> the (selected) constructor of <code class="notranslate">T</code>.</li>
<li>"Any exception thrown by the <del>construction</del><ins>initialization</ins> of {<code class="notranslate">T</code>,<em>some object</em>}".</li>
</ul>
<p dir="auto">The former is already present in the standard, as exemplified below. As for the latter (emphasis mine),</p>
<blockquote>
<p dir="auto">The process of initialization described in [dcl.init] applies to all initializations regardless of syntactic context, <strong>including the initialization of a function parameter ([expr.call])</strong>, the initialization of a return value ([stmt.return]), or when an initializer follows a declarator.<br>
-- <a href="https://eel.is/c++draft/dcl.init" rel="nofollow">https://eel.is/c++draft/dcl.init</a> p1</p>
</blockquote>
<h1 dir="auto">Examples</h1>
<h3 dir="auto">Example, good</h3>
<blockquote>
<p dir="auto">Constructors and member functions of pair do not throw exceptions unless one of the element-wise operations specified to be called for that operation throws an exception. -- <a href="https://eel.is/c++draft/pairs.pair#1" rel="nofollow">https://eel.is/c++draft/pairs.pair#1</a></p>
</blockquote>
<p dir="auto">Talking in terms of operations includes initialization.</p>
<h3 dir="auto">Example, bad</h3>
<blockquote>
<p dir="auto">For each tuple constructor, an exception is thrown only if the construction of one of the types in Types throws an exception. -- <a href="https://eel.is/c++draft/tuple.cnstr#2" rel="nofollow">https://eel.is/c++draft/tuple.cnstr#2</a></p>
</blockquote>
<p dir="auto">We can make a <code class="notranslate">tuple</code> constructor throw an exception other than by constructing one of the specified types: <a href="https://godbolt.org/z/enGThMq4P" rel="nofollow">https://godbolt.org/z/enGThMq4P</a>.</p>
<div class="highlight highlight-source-c++ notranslate position-relative overflow-auto" dir="auto" data-snippet-clipboard-copy-content="#include &lt;tuple&gt;
struct X { X(int) { } };
struct Y { operator int() { throw 0; } };
int main() { std::tuple&lt;X&gt;(Y{}); }"><pre class="notranslate">#<span class="pl-k">include</span> <span class="pl-s"><span class="pl-pds">&lt;</span>tuple<span class="pl-pds">&gt;</span></span>
<span class="pl-k">struct</span> <span class="pl-en">X</span> { X(<span class="pl-k">int</span>) { } };
<span class="pl-k">struct</span> <span class="pl-en">Y</span> { <span class="pl-k">operator</span> <span class="pl-en">int</span>() { <span class="pl-k">throw</span> <span class="pl-c1">0</span>; } };
<span class="pl-k">int</span> <span class="pl-en">main</span>() { std::tuple&lt;X&gt;(Y{}); }</pre></div>
<p dir="auto">As described at the top, this throws before beginning the construction of an <code class="notranslate">X</code> subobject.</p>
<p dir="auto">Do note that the constructor above is described to initialize:</p>
<blockquote>
<p dir="auto">Effects: Initializes the elements in the tuple with the corresponding value in std​::​forward(u). -- <a href="https://eel.is/c++draft/tuple.cnstr#13" rel="nofollow">https://eel.is/c++draft/tuple.cnstr#13</a></p>
</blockquote>
<p dir="auto">One could argue that [tuple.cnstr] doesn't say "if and only if". That just leaves in the air what happens in this case.</p>
<h3 dir="auto">Example, good</h3>
<blockquote>
<p dir="auto">Throws: Any exception thrown by the initialization of the selected alternative Tj. -- <a href="https://eel.is/c++draft/variant.ctor#18" rel="nofollow">https://eel.is/c++draft/variant.ctor#18</a><br>
Throws: Any exception thrown by calling the selected constructor of T. -- <a href="https://eel.is/c++draft/variant.ctor#23" rel="nofollow">https://eel.is/c++draft/variant.ctor#23</a></p>
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id="MDU6TGFiZWw1NzY5ODg1NA==-tooltip">Issue must be reviewed by LWG.</span></a><span class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 etxWHV LabelsList-module__labelDescriptionTooltip--LvHc0 prc-TooltipV2-Tooltip-cYMVY" data-direction="s" aria-label="Issue must be reviewed by LWG." role="tooltip" aria-hidden="true" id=":Ra5pmb:">Issue must be reviewed by LWG.</span><a class="LabelsList-module__labelLink--hHZBM prc-Link-Link-85e08" data-muted="true" href="https://github.com/cplusplus/draft/issues?q=state%3Aopen%20label%3A%22not-editorial%22" muted="" aria-describedby="MDU6TGFiZWw4NzA3NzYxOTM=-tooltip :Re5pmb:"><span style="overflow:hidden;text-overflow:ellipsis;cursor:pointer;max-width:100%" class="TokenBase__StyledTokenBase-sc-9bb35eca-0 kwrpnj"><span class="TokenTextContainer-sc-eef9053-0 ljslTk"><span class="prc-Text-Text-0ima0">not-editorial</span></span></span><span class="sr-only" id="MDU6TGFiZWw4NzA3NzYxOTM=-tooltip">Issue is not deemed editorial; the editorial issue is kept open for tracking.</span></a><span class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 etxWHV LabelsList-module__labelDescriptionTooltip--LvHc0 prc-TooltipV2-Tooltip-cYMVY" data-direction="s" aria-label="Issue is not deemed editorial; the editorial issue is kept open for tracking." role="tooltip" aria-hidden="true" id=":Re5pmb:">Issue is not deemed editorial; the editorial issue is kept open for tracking.</span></div></div></div><div data-testid="sidebar-section" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 bbGjsc Section-module__SectionContainer--bIlEv"><div class="Section-module__headerContentWrapper--OIm9m"><div class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 bwxuvd"><h3 class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 bpDFns SectionHeader-module__SectionHeaderTitle--TxSJL prc-Heading-Heading-6CmGO">Type</h3></div><span class="Section-module__emptyText--qZ0Bc">No type</span><div class="Section-module__hiddenChildrenContainer--X126P"><div class="TypesSection-module__typeContainer--YI5mY"><div class="IssueType-module__hiddenPlaceholder--nnfV9"></div></div></div></div></div><!--$--><div 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class="Section-module__hiddenChildrenContainer--X126P"><ul class="prc-ActionList-ActionList-X4RiC" data-dividers="false" data-variant="full"><div class="Milestone-module__hiddenPlaceholder--b_yit"></div></ul></div></div></div><!--$--><div data-testid="sidebar-section" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 bbGjsc Section-module__SectionContainer--bIlEv"><div class="Section-module__headerContentWrapper--OIm9m"><div class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 bwxuvd"><h3 class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 bpDFns SectionHeader-module__SectionHeaderTitle--TxSJL prc-Heading-Heading-6CmGO">Relationships</h3></div><span class="Section-module__emptyText--qZ0Bc">None yet</span><div class="Section-module__hiddenChildrenContainer--X126P"></div></div></div><div data-testid="sidebar-section" class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 bbGjsc Section-module__SectionContainer--bIlEv"><div class="Section-module__headerContentWrapper--OIm9m"><div class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 bwxuvd"><h3 class="Box-sc-g0xbh4-0 bpDFns SectionHeader-module__SectionHeaderTitle--TxSJL prc-Heading-Heading-6CmGO">Development</h3></div><span class="Section-module__emptyText--qZ0Bc">No branches or pull requests</span><div class="Section-module__hiddenChildrenContainer--X126P"></div></div></div><!--/$--><h2 class="sr-only prc-Heading-Heading-6CmGO">Issue actions</h2><ul class="prc-ActionList-ActionList-X4RiC OptionsSection-module__ActionListOverrides--DkWge" data-dividers="false" data-variant="full"></ul></div></div></div></div></div></div><!--/$--></div><!--/$--></div></div><!--/$--><!--/$--><script type="application/json" id="__PRIMER_DATA_:R0:__">{"resolvedServerColorMode":"day"}</script></div>
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</template>
<template id="snippet-clipboard-copy-button-unpositioned">
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